Flight of the Earls
The Oxford Companion to Irish History
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2007
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© The Oxford Companion to Irish History 2007, originally published by Oxford University Press 2007. (Hide copyright information)
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Flight of the Earls, a popular term for the departure from Rathmullen, Co. Donegal, of Hugh
O'Neill, earl of Tyrone, Rory O'Donnell, earl of Tyrconnell, and Cúchonnacht Maguire, lord of Fermanagh, together with their followers on 4 September 1607. Their decision to leave has never been fully explained. It was probably a combination of government pressure on their seigneurial rights and unwarranted fear that the conspiracy they were hatching with Spain had been uncovered. The escape vessel did not reach Spain. It was driven into a Norman port and the authorities in Paris and Brussels shunted their embarrassing guests off to Rome, where they eked out their days on papal pensions. The government of Ireland declared their flight treasonous and confiscated their lands to make way for the
Ulster plantation. Tadhg Ó Cianáin, who travelled with the earls, left an untitled manuscript account of the journey.
The Departure of O'Neill out of Ireland (1958), painted by Thomas Ryan, is a good example of the romantic nationalist connotations which the Flight has acquired.
Hiram Morgan
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