upwelling
The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea
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2006
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© The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea 2006, originally published by Oxford University Press 2006. (Hide copyright information)
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upwelling describes the process in which water from deep down is brought up to the surface along divergent
fronts in the open ocean, in the
lee of headlands along coasts, and as a result of the interaction between
Coriolis force and the effects of alongshore winds. Where the upwelled water comes from below the
thermocline, the concentrations of the nutrients needed to stimulate the growth of the
marine plant phytoplankton are enhanced, so rich communities of
plankton and
fish develop. Upwelling occurs regularly along the coasts of California, Peru, north-west and south-west Africa, and in the north-west Arabian Sea, so these regions are major centres for commercial
fisheries.
M. V. Angel
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Carboxyl group
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science
Carboxyl group A carboxyl group, also called a carboxy group, is a characteristic group of atoms found in organic molecules. Organic compounds that contain carboxyl groups are called carboxylic acids. The simplest carboxylic...
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carboxyl group
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
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carboxyl
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English
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Carboxylic acids
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science
...chemical compounds that contain a carboxyl group, which contains carbon...carboxylation, and when a carboxyl group is removed it is called decarboxylation...have a nitrogen-containing group called an amine group in the molecule. Aminoacids...of compounds with carboxyl ...
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Amino acid
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science
...acid molecules contain an amino group and a carboxyl group, certain chemical properties...or carboxylic acid functional groups alone, amino acids exist mostly...that contain an acid carboxyl group and a basic amino group. This...
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