Cádiz
Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names
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2005
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© Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005. (Hide copyright information)
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Cádiz, Philippines, Spain, USA Gadir, Gades, Julia Augusta Gaditana, Jazīrat Qādis (Spain)1. Spain (Andalusia): founded
c.1100 bc by the Phoenicians as Gadir ‘Enclosure’ which came to mean a ‘Walled Place in a State of Defence’ or ‘Fortress’. The port surrendered to the Romans at the end of the Second Punic War in 201 bc and was renamed Gades and then Julia Augusta Gaditana. It fell to the Moors in 711, taking on the name Jazīrat Qādis ‘Fortress Island’, although it is actually on a long, narrow, peninsula, until recaptured by Alfonso X (1221–84), King of Castile and León (1252–84), in 1262. It was the temporary capital of all that part of Spain not under French control in 1810–12.2. The city in the Philippines, spelt Cadiz, is named after the city in Spain, as are the towns in Kentucky and Ohio, USA.
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