Research topic:relief

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relief

The Oxford Dictionary of Art | 2004 | | © The Oxford Dictionary of Art 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

relief (or relievo). Term (Italian: rilevare, ‘to raise’) applied to sculpture that projects from a background surface rather than standing freely. Since ancient times such sculpture has been particularly used for architectural decoration, but many sculptors have also made reliefs as independent works. According to the degree of projection, reliefs are usually classified as high (alto rilievo), medium (mezzo rilievo), or low (basso rilievo or bas-relief). The name rilievo schiacciato is given to a form of very low relief invented by Donatello and memorably used also by Desiderio da Settignano. Another distinctive type of low relief was used by the ancient Egyptians, figures being carved within deeply incised outlines rather than projecting beyond the surface. It is sometimes called cavo relievo or sunken, incised, or coelanaglyphic relief (Greek: koilos, ‘hollow’, and anagluphe, ‘work in relief’).

Intaglio is the reverse of relief, the design being incised and sunk below the surface of the block.

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