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Machuca, Pedro

The Oxford Dictionary of Art | 2004 | | © The Oxford Dictionary of Art 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Machuca, Pedro (b Toledo, ?c.1490; d Granada, 4 Aug. 1550). Spanish architect and painter, active mainly in Granada. He worked in Italy in his early career (which is ill documented) and was one of the first Spanish artists to break entirely with medieval tradition and become steeped in Renaissance ideas. His earliest dated work, the Virgin with the Souls of Purgatory (1517, Prado, Madrid), was painted in Italy and is thoroughly Raphaelesque in style. Machuca was back in Spain by 1520; he continued painting, but after Charles V (see Habsburg) appointed him architect of his new palace in Granada (begun 1527), he devoted himself mainly to this great building. It is strongly Italianate in style; indeed the majestic circular courtyard expresses the ideals of the High Renaissance more completely than any surviving building of the same date in Italy.

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