Nominations and Succession of the Justices

The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States | 2005 | 700+ words | Copyright

Nominations and Succession of the Justices

Supreme Court Nominations, 1789–1991

1	2	3	4	5	6
President/Nominee	Appointed	Action (vote)	Oath Taken	Term End	Yrs. of Service
Column 1. * = chief justice. † = nomination for promotion to chief justice; years of service, where applicable, are as chief justice only; see prior listing for nomination and service as associate justice. Column 2. R = recess appointment. Column 3. C = confirmed. D = declined. P = postponed. R = rejected. W = withdrawn. Column 5. D = died. P = promoted to chief justice (see separate listing for service as chief justice). R = retirement/resignation.
Washington
John Jay*		24	Sep.	1789	C	26	Sep.	1789		19	Oct.	1789	R	29	June	1795	6
John Rutledge		24	Sep.	1789	C	26	Sep.	1789		15	Feb.	1790	R	5	Mar.	1791	1
William Cushing		24	Sep.	1789	C	26	Sep.	1789		2	Feb.	1790	D	13	Sep.	1810	21
Robert Harrison		24	Sep.	1789	D	26	Sep.	1789
James Wilson		24	Sep.	1789	C	26	Sep.	1789		5	Oct.	1789	D	21	Aug.	1798	9
John Blair, Jr.		24	Sep.	1789	C	26	Sep.	1789		2	Feb.	1790	R	25	Oct.	1795	6
James Iredell		8	Feb.	1790	C	10	Feb.	1790		12	May	1790	D	20	Oct.	1799	9
Thomas Johnson*	R	5	Aug.	1791						19	Sep.	1791
		31	Oct.	1791	C	7	Nov.	1791		6	Aug.	1792	R	16	Jan.	1793	1
William Paterson		27	Feb.	1793	W	28	Feb.	1793
William Paterson		4	Mar.	1793	C	4	Mar.	1793		11	Mar.	1793	D	9	Sep.	1806	13
John Rutledge*†	R	1	July	1795						12	Aug.	1795
					R	15	Dec.	1795
					(10–14)
William Cushing*		26	Jan.	1796	D	27	Jan.	1796
Samuel Chase		26	Jan.	1796	C	27	Jan.	1796		4	Feb.	1796	D	19	June	1811	15
Oliver Ellsworth		3	Mar.	1796	C	4	Mar.	1796		8	Mar.	1796	R	15	Dec.	1800	4
					(21–1)
Adams
Bushrod Washington	R	29	Sep.	1798						9	Nov.	1798
		19	Dec.	1798	C	20	Dec.	1798		4	Feb.	1799	D	26	Nov.	1829	31
Alfred Moore		4	Dec.	1799	C	10	Dec.	1799		21	Apr.	1800	R	26	Jan.	1804	4
John Jay		18	Dec.	1800	D	19	Dec.	1800
John Marshall*		20	Jan.	1801	C	27	Jan.	1801		4	Feb.	1801	D	6	July	1835	34
Jefferson
William Johnson		22	Mar.	1804	C	24	Mar.	1804		8	May	1804	D	4	Aug.	1834	30
Brockholst Livingston	R	10	Nov.	1806						20	Jan.	1807
		13	Dec.	1806	C	17	Dec.	1806		2	Feb.	1807	D	18	Mar.	1823	16
Thomas Todd		28	Feb.	1807	C	3	Mar.	1807		4	May	1807	D	7	Feb.	1826	19
Madison
Levi Lincoln		2	Jan.	1811	D	3	Jan.	1811
Alexander Wolcott		4	Feb.	1811	R	13	Feb.	1811
					(9–24)
John Quincy Adams		21	Feb.	1811	D	22	Feb.	1811
Joseph Story		15	Nov.	1811	C	18	Nov.	1811		3	Feb.	1812	D	10	Sep.	1845	34
Gabriel Duvall		15	Nov.	1811	C	18	Nov.	1811		23	Nov.	1811	R	14	Jan.	1835	23
Monroe
Smith Thompson	R	1	Sep.	1823
		8	Dec.	1823	C	19	Dec.	1823		10	Feb.	1824	D	18	Dec.	1843	20
J. Q. Adams
Robert Trimble		11	Apr.	1826	C	9	May	1826		16	June	1826	D	25	Aug.	1828	2
					(27–5)
John Crittenden		17	Dec.	1828	P	12	Feb.	1829
Jackson
John McLean		6	Mar.	1829	C	7	Mar.	1829		11	Jan.	1830	D	4	Apr.	1861	32
Henry Baldwin		4	Jan.	1830	C	6	Jan.	1830		18	Jan.	1830	D	21	Apr.	1844	14
					(41–2)
James M. Wayne		6	Jan.	1835	C	9	Jan.	1835		14	Jan.	1835	D	5	July	1867	32
Roger B. Taney*		15	Jan.	1835	P	3	Mar.	1835
		28	Dec.	1835	C	15	Mar.	1836		28	Mar.	1836	D	12	Oct.	1864	28
					(29–15)
Philip P. Barbour		28	Dec.	1835	C	15	Mar.	1836		12	May	1836	D	25	Feb.	1841	5
					(30–11)
William Smith		3	Mar.	1837	D	8	Mar.	1837
					(23–18)
Van Buren
John Catron		3	Mar.	1837	C	8	Mar.	1837		1	May	1837	D	30	May	1865	28
John McKinley	R	22	Apr.	1837
		18	Sep.	1837	C	25	Sep.	1837		9	Jan.	1838	D	19	July	1852	15
Peter V. Daniel		26	Feb.	1841	C	2	Mar.	1841		10	Jan.	1842	D	31	May	1860	19
					(22–5)
Tyler
John C. Spencer		9	Jan.	1844	R	31	Jan.	1844
					(21–26)
Reuben H. Walworth		13	Mar.	1844	W	17	June	1844
Edward King		5	June	1844	P	15	June	1844
					(29–18)
		4	Dec.	1844	W	7	Feb.	1845
Samuel Nelson		4	Feb.	1845	C	14	Feb.	1845		27	Feb.	1845	R	28	Nov.	1872	27
John M. Read		7	Feb.	1845		No action
Polk
George W. Woodward		23	Dec.	1845	R	22	Jan.	1846
					(20–29)
Levi Woodbury	R	20	Sep.	1845						23	Sep.	1845
		23	Dec.	1845	C	3	Jan.	1846		3	Jan.	1846	D	4	Sep.	1851	5
Robert C. Grier		3	Aug.	1846	C	4	Aug.	1846		10	Aug.	1846	R	31	Jan.	1870	23
Fillmore
Benjamin R. Curtis	R	22	Sep.	1851						10	Oct.	1851
		11	Dec.	1851	C	20	Dec.	1851					R	30	Sep.	1857	5
Edward A. Bradford		16	Aug.	1852		No action
George E. Badger		10	Jan.	1853	P	11	Feb.	1853
William C. Micou		24	Feb.	1853		No action
Pierce
John A. Campbell		22	Mar.	1853	C	25	Mar.	1853		11	Apr.	1853	R	30	Apr.	1861	8
Buchanan
Nathan Clifford		9	Dec.	1857	C	12	Jan.	1858		21	Jan.	1858	D	25	July	1881	23
					(26–23)
Jeremiah S. Black		5	Feb.	1861	R	21	Feb.	1861
					(25–26)
Lincoln
Noah H. Swayne		22	Jan.	1862	C	24	Jan.	1862		27	Jan.	1862	R	24	Jan.	1881	19
					(38–1)
Samuel F. Miller		16	July	1862	C	16	July	1862		21	July	1862	D	13	Oct.	1890	28
David Davis	R	17	Oct.	1862
		1	Dec.	1862	C	8	Dec.	1862		10	Dec.	1862	R	4	Mar.	1877	14
Stephen J. Field		6	Mar.	1863	C	10	Mar.	1863		20	May	1863	R	1	Dec.	1897	34
Salmon P. Chase*		6	Dec.	1864	C	6	Dec.	1864		15	Dec.	1864	D	7	May	1873	8
A. Johnson
Henry Stanbery		16	Apr.	1866		No action
Grant
Ebenezer R. Hoar		15	Dec.	1869	R	3	Feb.	1870
					(24–33)
Edwin M. Stanton		20	Dec.	1869	C	20	Dec.	1869	(Died 24 Dec. 1869)
					(46–11)
William Strong		7	Feb.	1870	C	18	Feb.	1870		14	Mar.	1870	R	14	Dec.	1880	10
Joseph P. Bradley		7	Feb.	1870	C	21	Mar.	1870		23	Mar.	1870	D	22	Jan.	1892	21
					(46–9)
Ward Hunt		3	Dec.	1872	C	11	Dec.	1872		9	Jan.	1873	R	27	Jan.	1882	9
George H. Williams		1	Dec.	1873	W	8	Jan.	1874
Caleb Cushing		9	Jan.	1874	W	13	Jan.	1874
Morrison R. Waite*		19	Jan.	1874	C	21	Jan.	1874		4	Mar.	1874	D	23	Mar.	1888	14
					(63–0)
Hayes
John Marshall Harlan		16	Oct.	1877	C	29	Nov.	1877		10	Dec.	1877	D	14	Oct.	1911	34
William B. Woods		15	Dec.	1880	C	21	Dec.	1880		5	Jan.	1881	D	14	May	1887	6
					(39–8)
Garfield
Stanley Matthews		26	Jan.	1881		No action
		14	Mar.	1881		12	May	1881		17	May	1881	D	22	Mar.	1889	7
					(24–23)
Arthur
Horace Gray		19	Dec.	1881	C	20	Dec.	1881		9	Jan.	1882	D	15	Sep.	1902	20
					(51–5)
Roscoe Conkling		24	Feb.	1882	D	2	Mar.	1882
					(39–12)
Samuel Blatchford		13	Mar.	1882	C	27	Mar.	1882		3	Apr.	1882	D	7	July	1893	11
Cleveland
Lucius Q. C. Lamar		6	Dec.	1887	C	16	Jan.	1888		18	Jan.	1888	D	23	Jan.	1893	5
					(32–28)
Melville W. Fuller*		30	Apr.	1888	C	20	July	1888		8	Oct.	1888	D	4	July	1910	22
					(41–20)
Harrison
David J. Brewer		4	Dec.	1889	C	18	Dec.	1889		6	Jan.	1890	D	28	Mar.	1910	20
					(53–11)
Henry B. Brown		23	Dec.	1890	C	29	Dec.	1890		5	Jan.	1891	R	28	May	1906	15
George Shiras		19	July	1892	C	26	July	1892		10	Oct.	1892	R	23	Feb.	1903	10
Howell E. Jackson		2	Feb.	1893	C	18	Feb.	1893		4	Mar.	1893	D	8	Aug.	1895	2
Cleveland
William B. Hornblower		19	Sep.	1893	R	15	Jan.	1894
					(24–30)
Wheeler H. Peckham		23	Jan.	1894	R	16	Feb.	1894
					(32–41)
Edward D. White		19	Feb.	1894	C	19	Feb.	1894		12	Mar.	1894	P	18	Dec.	1910	17
Rufus W. Peckham		3	Dec.	1895		9	Dec.	1895		6	Jan.	1896	D	24	Oct.	1909	13
McKinley
Joseph McKenna		16	Dec.	1897	C	21	Jan.	1898		26	Jan.	1898	R	5	Jan.	1925	26
T. Roosevelt
Oliver Wendell Holmes	R	11	Aug.	1902
		2	Dec.	1902	C	2	Dec.	1902		8	Dec.	1902	R	12	Jan.	1932	29
William R. Day		2	Mar.	1903	C	23	Feb.	1903		2	Mar.	1903	R	13	Nov.	1922	19
William H. Moody		3	Dec.	1906	C	12	Dec.	1906		17	Dec.	1906	R	20	Nov.	1910	3
Taft
Horace H. Lurton		13	Dec.	1909	C	20	Dec.	1909		3	Jan.	1910	D	12	July	1914	4
Charles E. Hughes		25	Apr.	1910	C	2	May	1910		10	Oct.	1910	R	10	June	1916	6
Edward D. White*†		12	Dec.	1910	C	12	Dec.	1910		19	Dec.	1910	D	19	May	1921	10
Willis Van Devanter		12	Dec.	1910	C	15	Dec.	1910		3	Jan.	1911	R	2	June	1937	26
Joseph R. Lamar		12	Dec.	1910	C	15	Dec.	1910		3	Jan.	1911	D	2	Jan.	1916	5
Mahlon Pitney		19	Feb.	1912	C	13	Mar.	1912		18	Mar.	1912	R	31	Dec.	1922	10
					(50–26)
Wilson
James C. McReynolds		19	Aug.	1914	C	29	Aug.	1914		5	Sep.	1914	R	1	Feb.	1941	26
					(44–6)
Louis D. Brandeis		28	Jan.	1916	C	1	June	1916		5	June	1916	R	13	Feb.	1939	22
					(47–22)
John H. Clarke		14	July	1916	C	24	July	1916		1	Aug.	1916	R	18	Sep.	1922	6
Harding
William H. Taft*		30	June	1921	C	30	June	1921		11	July	1921	R	3	Feb.	1930	8
George Sutherland		5	Sep.	1922	C	5	Sep.	1922		2	Oct.	1922	R	17	Jan.	1938	15
Pierce Butler		23	Nov.	1922		No action
		5	Dec.	1922	C	21	Dec.	1922		2	Jan.	1923	D	16	Nov.	1939	17
					(61–8)
Edward T. Sanford		24	Jan.	1923	C	29	Jan.	1923		5	Feb.	1923	D	8	Mar.	1930	7
Coolidge
Harlan F. Stone		5	Jan.	1925	C	5	Feb.	1925		2	Mar.	1925	P	2	July	1941	16
					(71–6)
Hoover
Charles E. Hughes*†		3	Feb.	1930	C	13	Feb.	1930		24	Feb.	1930	R	1	July	1941	11
					(52–26)
John J. Parker		21	Mar.	1930	R	7	May	1930
					(39–41)
Owen J. Roberts		9	May	1930	C	20	May	1930		2	June	1930	R	31	July	1945	15
Benjamin N. Cardozo		15	Feb.	1932	C	24	Feb.	1932		14	Mar.	1932	D	9	July	1938	6
F. D. Roosevelt
Hugo L. Black		12	Aug.	1937	C	17	Aug.	1937		19	Aug.	1937	R	17	Sep.	1971	34
					(63–16)
Stanley F. Reed		15	Jan.	1938	C	25	Jan.	1938		31	Jan.	1938	R	25	Feb.	1957	19
Felix Frankfurter		5	Jan.	1939	C	17	Jan.	1939		30	Jan.	1939	R	28	Aug.	1962	23
William O. Douglas		20	Mar.	1939	C	4	Apr.	1939		17	Apr.	1939	R	12	Nov.	1975	36
					(62–4)
Frank Murphy		4	Jan.	1940	C	16	Jan.	1940		18	Jan.	1940	D	19	July	1949	9
Harlan F. Stone*†		12	June	1941	C	27	June	1941		3	July	1941	D	22	Apr.	1946	5
James F. Byrnes		12	June	1941	C	12	June	1941		8	July	1941	R	3	Oct.	1942	1
Robert H. Jackson		12	June	1941	C	7	July	1941		11	July	1941	D	9	Oct.	1954	13
Wiley B. Rutledge		11	Jan.	1943	C	8	Feb.	1943		15	Feb.	1943	D	10	Sep.	1949	6
Truman
Harold H. Burton		18	Sep.	1945	C	19	Sep.	1945		1	Oct.	1945	R	13	Oct.	1958	13
Fred M. Vinson*		6	June	1946	C	20	June	1946		24	June	1946	D	8	Sep.	1953	7
Tom C. Clark		2	Aug.	1949	C	18	Aug.	1949		24	Aug.	1949	R	12	June	1967	18
					(73–8)
Sherman Minton		15	Sep.	1949	C	4	Oct.	1949		12	Oct.	1949	R	15	Oct.	1956	7
					(48–16)
Eisenhower
Earl Warren*	R	2	Oct.	1953						5	Oct.	1953
		11	Jan.	1954	C	1	Mar.	1954		2	Mar.	1954	R	23	June	1969	15
John M. Harlan II		9	Nov.	1954		No action
		10	Jan.	1955	C	16	Mar.	1955		28	Mar.	1955	R	23	Sep.	1971	16
					(71–11)
William J. Brennan, Jr.	R	15	Oct.	1956						16	Oct.	1956
		14	Jan.	1957	C	19	Mar.	1957		22	Mar.	1957	R	20	July	1990	33
Charles E. Whittaker		2	Mar.	1957	C	19	Mar.	1957		25	Mar.	1957	R	1	Apr.	1962	5
Potter Stewart	R	14	Oct.	1958						14	Oct.	1958
		17	Jan.	1959	C	5	May	1959		15	May	1959	R	3	July	1981	22
					(70–17)
Kennedy
Byron R. White		3	Apr.	1962	C	11	Apr.	1962		16	Apr.	1962	R	28	June	1993	31
Arthur J. Goldberg		31	Aug.	1962	C	25	Sep.	1962		1	Oct.	1962	R	25	July	1965	3
L. B. Johnson
Abe Fortas		28	July	1965	C	11	Aug.	1965		4	Oct.	1965	R	14	May	1969	4
Thurgood Marshall		13	June	1967	C	30	Aug.	1967		2	Oct.	1967	R	1	Oct.	1991	24
					(69–11)
Abe Fortas†		26	June	1968	W	4	Oct.	1968
Homer Thornberry		26	June	1968	W	2	Oct.	1968
Nixon
Warren E. Burger*		21	May	1969	C	9	June	1969		23	June	1969	R	26	Sep.	1986	17
					(74–3)
Clement Haynsworth, Jr.		18	Aug.	1969	R	21	Nov.	1969
					(45–55)
G. Harrold Carswell		19	Jan.	1970	R	8	Apr.	1970
					(45–51)
Harry A. Blackmun		15	Apr.	1970	C	12	May	1970		9	June	1970	R	3	Aug.	1994	24
					(94–0)
Lewis F. Powell, Jr.		22	Oct.	1971	C	6	Dec.	1971		7	Jan.	1972	R	26	June	1987	16
					(89–1)
William H. Rehnquist		22	Oct.	1971	C	10	Dec.	1971		7	Jan.	1972	P	26	Sep.	1986	15
					(68–26)
Ford
John Paul Stevens		28	Nov.	1975	C	17	Dec.	1975		19	Dec.	1975
					(98–0)
Reagan
Sandra Day O'Connor		7	July	1981	C	21	Sep.	1981		25	Sep.	1981
					(99–0)
William H. Rehnquist*†		17	June	1986	C	17	Sep.	1986		26	Sep.	1986
					(65–33)
Antonin Scalia		17	June	1986	C	17	Sep.	1986		26	Sep.	1986
					(98–0)
Robert H. Bork		1	July	1987	R	23	Oct.	1987
					(42–58)
Douglas Ginsburg		29	Oct.	1987	W	7	Nov.	1987
Anthony M. Kennedy		24	Nov.	1987	C	3	Feb.	1988		18	Feb.	1988
					(97–0)
Bush
David H. Souter		25	July	1990	C	2	Oct.	1990		9	Oct.	1990
					(90–9)
Clarence Thomas		8	July	1991	C	15	Oct.	1991		23	Oct.	1991
					(52–48)
Clinton
Ruth Bader Ginsburg		22	June	1993	C	3	Aug.	1993		10	Aug.	1993
					(96–3)
Stephen G. Breyer		17	May	1994	C	29	July	1994		3	Aug.	1994
					(87–9)

Appointments, by Presidential Term

In this chart, arrows pointing out from presidents indicate appointments of justices; arrows pointing in from chief justices indicate administration of presidential oath of office.

Chronology of the Justices' Succession

Date¹	Justice	Action
* Denotes chief justice
¹ In some instances, justices were appointed to the Court while the Senate was not in session, and a handful of these “recess appointees” took their judicial oaths before their names had been formally submitted to the Senate. The dates of oaths listed in this table refer to oaths taken after Senate confirmation. For other information regarding recess appointees, see the table of nominations, above.
5	Oct.	1789	James Wilson	Oath of Office
19	Oct.	1789	John Jay*	Oath of Office
2	Feb.	1790	William Cushing	Oath of Office
2	Feb.	1790	John Blair	Oath of Office
15	Feb.	1790	John Rutledge	Oath of Office
12	May	1790	James Iredell	Oath of Office
5	Mar.	1791	John Rutledge	Resigned
6	Aug.	1792	Thomas Johnson	Oath of Office
16	Jan.	1793	Thomas Johnson	Resigned
11	Mar.	1793	William Paterson	Oath of Office
29	June	1795	John Jay*	Resigned
12	Aug.	1795	John Rutledge*	Oath of Office
25	Oct.	1795	John Blair	Resigned
15	Dec.	1795	John Rutledge*	Rejected
4	Feb.	1796	Samuel Chase	Oath of Office
8	Mar.	1796	Oliver Ellsworth*	Oath of Office
21	Aug.	1798	James Wilson	Death
4	Feb.	1799	Bushrod Washington	Oath of Office
20	Oct.	1799	James Iredell	Death
21	Apr.	1800	Alfred Moore	Oath of Office
15	Dec.	1800	Oliver Ellsworth*	Resigned
4	Feb.	1801	John Marshall*	Oath of Office
26	Jan.	1804	Alfred Moore	Resigned
8	May	1804	William Johnson	Oath of Office
9	Sep.	1806	William Paterson	Death
20	Jan.	1807	Brockholst Livingston	Oath of Office
4	May	1807	Thomas Todd	Oath of Office
13	Sep.	1810	William Cushing	Death
19	June	1811	Samuel Chase	Death
23	Nov.	1811	Gabriel Duvall	Oath of Office
3	Feb.	1812	Joseph Story	Oath of Office
18	Mar.	1823	Brockholst Livingston	Death
10	Feb.	1824	Smith Thompson	Oath of Office
7	Feb.	1826	Thomas Todd	Death
16	June	1826	Robert Trimble	Oath of Office
25	Aug.	1828	Robert Trimble	Death
26	Nov.	1829	Bushrod Washington	Death
11	Jan.	1830	John McLean	Oath of Office
18	Jan.	1830	Henry Baldwin	Oath of Office
4	Aug.	1834	William Johnson	Death
14	Jan.	1835	Gabriel Duvall	Resigned
14	Jan.	1835	James Moore Wayne	Oath of Office
6	July	1835	John Marshall*	Death
28	Mar.	1836	Roger Brooke Taney*	Oath of Office
12	May	1836	Philip Pendleton Barbour	Oath of Office
1	May	1937	John Catron	Oath of Office
9	Jan.	1838	John McKinley	Oath of Office
25	Feb.	1841	Philip Pendleton Barbour	Death
10	Jan.	1842	Peter Vivian Daniel	Oath of Office
18	Dec.	1843	Smith Thompson	Death
21	Apr.	1844	Henry Baldwin	Death
27	Feb.	1845	Samuel Nelson	Oath of Office
10	Sep.	1845	Joseph Story	Death
3	Jan.	1846	Levi Woodbury	Oath of Office
10	Aug.	1846	Robert Cooper Grier	Oath of Office
4	Sep.	1851	Levi Woodbury	Death
10	Oct.	1851	Benjamin Robbins Curtis	Oath of Office
19	July	1852	John McKinley	Death
11	Apr.	1853	John Archibald Campbell	Oath of Office
30	Sep.	1857	Benjamin Robbins Curtis	Resigned
21	Jan.	1858	Nathan Clifford	Oath of Office
31	May	1860	Peter Vivian Daniel	Death
4	Apr.	1861	John McLean	Death
30	Apr.	1861	John Archibald Campbell	Resigned
27	Jan.	1862	Noah Haynes Swayne	Oath of Office
21	July	1862	Samuel Freeman Miller	Oath of Office
10	Dec.	1862	David Davis	Oath of Office
20	May	1863	Stephen Johnson Field	Oath of Office
12	Oct.	1864	Roger Brooke Taney*	Death
15	Dec.	1864	Salmon Portland Chase*	Oath of Office
30	May	1865	John Catron	Death
5	July	1867	James Moore Wayne	Death
31	Jan.	1870	Robert Cooper Grier	Retired
14	Mar.	1870	William Strong	Oath of Office
23	Mar.	1870	Joseph P. Bradley	Oath of Office
28	Nov.	1872	Samuel Nelson	Retired
9	Jan.	1873	Ward Hunt	Oath of Office
7	May	1873	Salmon Portland Chase*	Death
4	Mar.	1874	Morrison Remick Waite*	Oath of Office
4	Mar.	1877	David Davis	Resigned
10	Dec.	1877	John Marshall Harlan	Oath of Office
14	Dec.	1880	William Strong	Retired
5	Jan.	1881	William Burnham Woods	Oath of Office
24	Jan.	1881	Noah Haynes Swayne	Retired
17	May	1881	Stanley Matthews	Oath of Office
25	July	1881	Nathan Clifford	Death
9	Jan.	1882	Horace Gray	Oath of Office
27	Jan.	1882	Ward Hunt	Disabled
3	Apr.	1882	Samuel Blatchford	Oath of Office
14	May	1887	William Burnham Woods	Death
18	Jan.	1888	Lucius Quintus C. Lamar	Oath of Office
23	Mar.	1888	Morrison Remick Waite*	Death
8	Oct.	1888	Melville Weston Fuller*	Oath of Office
22	Mar.	1889	Stanley Matthews	Death
6	Jan.	1890	David Josiah Brewer	Oath of Office
13	Oct.	1890	Samuel Freeman Miller	Death
5	Jan.	1891	Henry Billings Brown	Oath of Office
22	Jan.	1892	Joseph P. Bradley	Death
10	Oct.	1892	George Shiras, Jr.	Oath of Office
23	Jan.	1893	Lucius Quintus C. Lamar	Death
4	Mar.	1893	Howell Edmunds Jackson	Oath of Office
7	July	1893	Samuel Blatchford	Death
12	Mar.	1894	Edward Douglass White	Oath of Office
8	Aug.	1895	Howell Edmunds Jackson	Death
6	Jan.	1896	Rufus Wheeler Peckham	Oath of Office
1	Dec.	1897	Stephen Johnson Field	Retired
26	Jan.	1898	Joseph McKenna	Oath of Office
15	Sep.	1902	Horace Gray	Death
8	Dec.	1902	Oliver Wendell Holmes	Oath of Office
23	Feb.	1903	George Shiras, Jr.	Retired
2	Mar.	1903	William Rufus Day	Oath of Office
28	May	1906	Henry Billings Brown	Retired
17	Dec.	1906	William Henry Moody	Oath of Office
24	Oct.	1909	Rufus Wheeler Peckham	Death
3	Jan.	1910	Horace Harmon Lurton	Oath of Office
28	Mar.	1910	David Josiah Brewer	Death
4	July	1910	Melville Weston Fuller*	Death
10	Oct.	1910	Charles Evans Hughes	Oath of Office
20	Nov.	1910	William Henry Moody	Disabled
18	Dec.	1910	Edward Douglass White	Promoted
19	Dec.	1910	Edward Douglass White*	Oath of Office
3	Jan.	1911	Willis Van Devanter	Oath of Office
3	Jan.	1911	Joseph Rucker Lamar	Oath of Office
14	Oct.	1911	John Marshall Harlan	Death
18	Mar.	1912	Mahlon Pitney	Oath of Office
12	July	1914	Horace Harmon Lurton	Death
5	Sep.	1914	James Clark McReynolds	Oath of Office
2	Jan.	1916	Joseph Rucker Lamar	Death
5	June	1916	Louis Dembitz Brandeis	Oath of Office
10	June	1916	Charles Evans Hughes	Resigned
1	Aug.	1916	John Hessin Clarke	Oath of Office
19	May	1921	Edward Douglass White*	Death
11	July	1921	William Howard Taft*	Oath of Office
18	Sep.	1922	John Hessin Clarke	Resigned
2	Oct.	1922	George Sutherland	Oath of Office
13	Nov.	1922	William Rufus Day	Retired
31	Dec.	1922	Mahlon Pitney	Disabled
2	Jan.	1923	Pierce Butler	Oath of Office
5	Feb.	1923	Edward Terry Sanford	Oath of Office
5	Jan.	1925	Joseph McKenna	Retired
2	Mar.	1925	Harlan Fiske Stone	Oath of Office
3	Feb.	1930	William Howard Taft*	Retired
24	Feb.	1930	Charles Evans Hughes*	Oath of Office
8	Mar.	1930	Edward Terry Sanford	Death
2	June	1930	Owen Josephus Roberts	Oath of Office
12	Jan.	1932	Oliver Wendell Holmes	Retired
14	Mar.	1932	Benjamin Nathan Cardozo	Oath of Office
2	June	1937	Willis Van Devanter	Retired
19	Aug.	1937	Hugo Lafayette Black	Oath of Office
17	Jan.	1938	George Sutherland	Retired
31	Jan.	1938	Stanley Forman Reed	Oath of Office
9	July	1938	Benjamin Nathan Cardozo	Death
30	Jan.	1939	Felix Frankfurter	Oath of Office
13	Feb.	1939	Louis Dembitz Brandeis	Retired
17	Apr.	1939	William Orville Douglas	Oath of Office
16	Nov.	1939	Pierce Butler	Death
18	Jan.	1940	Frank Murphy	Oath of Office
1	Feb.	1941	James Clark McReynolds	Retired
1	July	1941	Charles Evans Hughes*	Retired
2	July	1941	Harlan Fiske Stone	Promoted
3	July	1941	Harlan Fiske Stone*	Oath of Office
8	July	1941	James Francis Byrnes	Oath of Office
11	July	1941	Robert Houghwout Jackson	Oath of Office
3	Oct.	1942	James Francis Byrnes	Resigned
15	Feb.	1943	Wiley Blount Rutledge	Oath of Office
31	July	1945	Owen Josephus Roberts	Resigned
1	Oct.	1945	Harold Hitz Burton	Oath of Office
22	Apr.	1946	Harlan Fiske Stone*	Death
24	June	1946	Fred Moore Vinson*	Oath of Office
19	July	1949	Frank Murphy	Death
24	Aug.	1949	Thomas Campbell Clark	Oath of Office
10	Sep.	1949	Wiley Blount Rutledge	Death
12	Oct.	1949	Sherman Minton	Oath of Office
8	Sep.	1953	Fred Moore Vinson*	Death
5	Oct.	1953	Earl Warren*	Oath of Office
9	Oct.	1954	Robert Houghwout Jackson	Death
28	Mar.	1955	John Marshall Harlan II	Oath of Office
15	Oct.	1956	Sherman Minton	Retired
25	Feb.	1957	Stanley Forman Reed	Retired
22	Mar.	1957	William J. Brennan, Jr.	Oath of Office
25	Mar.	1957	Charles Evans Whittaker	Oath of Office
13	Oct.	1958	Harold Hitz Burton	Retired
14	Oct.	1958	Potter Stewart	Oath of Office
1	Apr.	1962	Charles Evans Whittaker	Disabled
16	Apr.	1962	Byron Raymond White	Oath of Office
28	Aug.	1962	Felix Frankfurter	Retired
1	Oct.	1962	Arthur Joseph Goldberg	Oath of Office
25	July	1965	Arthur Joseph Goldberg	Resigned
4	Oct.	1965	Abe Fortas	Oath of Office
12	June	1967	Thomas Campbell Clark	Retired
2	Oct.	1967	Thurgood Marshall	Oath of Office
14	May	1969	Abe Fortas	Resigned
23	June	1969	Earl Warren*	Resigned
23	June	1969	Warren Earl Burger*	Oath of Office
9	June	1970	Harry A. Blackmun	Oath of Office
17	Sep.	1971	Hugo Lafayette Black	Retired
23	Sep.	1971	John Marshall Harlan II	Retired
7	Jan.	1972	Lewis F. Powell, Jr.	Oath of Office
7	Jan.	1972	William H. Rehnquist	Oath of Office
12	Nov.	1975	William Orville Douglas	Retired
19	Dec.	1975	John Paul Stevens	Oath of Office
3	July	1981	Potter Stewart	Retired
25	Sep.	1981	Sandra Day O'Connor	Oath of Office
26	Sep.	1986	Warren Earl Burger	Retired
26	Sep.	1986	William H. Rehnquist	Promoted
26	Sep.	1986	William H. Rehnquist*	Oath of Office
26	Sep.	1986	Antonin Scalia	Oath of Office
26	June	1987	Lewis F. Powell, Jr.	Retired
18	Feb.	1988	Anthony M. Kennedy	Oath of Office
20	July	1990	William J. Brennan, Jr.	Retired
9	Oct.	1990	David H. Souter	Oath of Office
1	Oct.	1991	Thurgood Marshall	Retired
1	Nov.	1991	Clarence Thomas	Oath of Office
28	June	1993	Byron R. White	Retired
10	Aug.	1993	Ruth Bader Ginsburg	Oath of Office
3	Aug.	1994	Harry A. Blackmun	Retired
3	Aug.	1994	Stephen G. Breyer	Oath of Office

Succession of the Justices

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KERMIT L. HALL. "Nominations and Succession of the Justices." The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

KERMIT L. HALL. "Nominations and Succession of the Justices." The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O184-NominatnsndSccssnfthJstcs.html

KERMIT L. HALL. "Nominations and Succession of the Justices." The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. 2005. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O184-NominatnsndSccssnfthJstcs.html

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