West Side Story
The Oxford Companion to American Theatre
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2004
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© The Oxford Companion to American Theatre 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information)
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West Side Story (1957), a musical play by Arthur
Laurents (book), Leonard
Bernstein (music), Stephen
Sondheim (lyrics). [
Winter Garden Theatre, 734 perf.] The Puerto Rican Sharks and the American‐born Jets are rival street gangs in New York City's West Side neighborhoods. Tony ( Larry Kert), a founder of the Jets who has more or less drifted away from them, falls in love with Maria ( Carol Lawrence), the sister of the Sharks' leader, Bernardo ( Ken LeRoy). When Tony tries to stop a fight between the groups, Bernardo kills Tony's friend Riff ( Mickey Calin) so, in a fury, Tony kills Bernardo. When Bernardo's girl friend, Anita ( Chita
Rivera), in a rage, tells the Jets that Maria has been killed by a Shark for her involvement with a white boy, Tony comes out of hiding, only to be shot by Maria's fiancé. Before Tony dies, he and Maria are briefly reunited and humble both gangs by the consequences of their hate.
Notable songs: I Feel Pretty; Maria; Tonight; Gee, Officer Krupke; Somewhere; I Feel Pretty; Something's Coming; America. A modern version of the
Romeo and Juliet story, it was devised at the suggestion of Jerome
Robbins, whose direction and choreography caught, as one critic observed, the “tautness and malevolence” of the work. The extensive dance sections of the show revealed new ways choreography and drama could be integrated. Also, the Bernstein‐Sondheim score was unique in its use of opera forms translated into theatre terms, as in the complex “Tonight Quintet.” Although the Robert E.
Griffith–Hal
Prince production was initially a success,
West Side Story soon became even more popular across America, overseas, on film, and in revivals on Broadway.
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RHIZOME SIZE STRUCTURE AND BELOWGROUND BIOMASS OF Sambucus ebulus L. POPULATIONS IN A MONODOMINATED PLANT COMMUNITY
Magazine article from: Ekológia; 10/1/2007; ; 700+ words
; ...to 1.4). High rhizome weight fraction...indicates importance of rhizomes in the dominance of...biomass production, rhizome size structure, belowground...resource allocation, rhizomes length, R/S ratio, rhizome weight fraction...
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Spread Out! Tillers, Rhizomes and Stolons.
Magazine article from: SportsTURF; 8/1/2000; ; 700+ words
; ...grow tillers, rhizomes and stolons...own. When a rhizome is cut, the...Bermudagrass produces rhizomes which do not...plant. Each rhizome continues to...as does a rhizome, but stay above ground. Like rhizomes, stolons have...
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Genotype and environment affect rhizome growth of birdsfoot trefoil.
Magazine article from: Crop Science; 9/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...failed to produce rhizomes (N.J. Ehlke...communication). Rhizome expression in birdsfoot...Distinguishing between rhizomes with chlorophyllic...was difficult, so rhizome samples were comprised only of rhizomes devoid of chlorophyll...
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Micropropagation of Cymbidium ensifolium var. Misericors through callus-derived rhizomes
Magazine article from: In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology; 11/1/2000; ; 700+ words
; ...from callus-derived rhizomes of Cymbidium ensifolium...demonstrated that one piece of rhizome produced seven shoot...from callus-- derived rhizomes. We describe here the...from callus-derived rhizomes of C. ensifolium var...piece of callusderived rhizome produced five to six...
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Variation in Shoot Density and Rhizome Biomass of Acorus calamus L. With Respect to Environment
Magazine article from: Castanea; 12/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...edaphic factors on rhizome plasticity, soil, shoot density and rhizomes were sampled from...several studies on rhizome architecture and...1993), studies on rhizomes of emergent macrophytes...examined plasticity in rhizome morphology in populations...
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Functional Classification, Genomic Organization, Putatively cis-Acting Regulatory Elements, and Relationship to Quantitative Trait Loci, of Sorghum Genes with Rhizome-Enriched Expression1[W]
Magazine article from: Plant Physiology; 11/1/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...higher levels in rhizomes than other plant...that genes with rhizome-enriched expression...pathways that influence rhizome growth set the stage...rhizomatousness. Rhizomes are organs of fundamental...and development of rhizomes across diverse taxa...several aspects of rhizome growth, ...
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Two distinct fungi colonize roots and rhizomes of the myco-heterotrophic Afrothismia gesnerioides (Burmanniaceae).(Report)
Magazine article from: Canadian Journal of Botany; 5/1/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...Maas consist of short rhizomes densely covered with...the plant tissues. Rhizomes and roots are divided...extension, and outer rhizome cortex, (ii) coiled...tissus de la plante. Les rhizomes et les racines sont...le cortex externe du rhizome, (ii) hyphes enroulees...
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EFFECTS OF LOW NITROGEN MEDIUM ON ENDOGENOUS CHANGES IN ETHYLENE, AUXINS, AND CYTOKININS IN IN VITRO SHOOT FORMATION FROM RHIZOMES OF CYMBIDIUM KANRAN
Magazine article from: In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology; 11/1/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...shoot formation from the rhizomes. Since shoot formation...formation process in rhizome explants of C. kanran...MATERIALS AND METHODS One rhizome of C. kanran derived...1978 was used. The rhizome was multiplied and maintained...were excised from the rhizomes every 6 mo. and transferred...
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Rhizome regeneration of Fallopia japonica (Japanese knotweed) (Houtt.) Ronse Decr. I. Regeneration rate and size of regenerated plants
Magazine article from: Folia Oecologica; 1/1/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...by reproduction from rhizome segments, from vegetation...variously long and large rhizomes or their segments...produced by different long rhizome segments to verify the hypothesis whether longer rhizome segments result in higher...we sampled material (rhizomes) was situated at 580...
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Anti-inflammatory effect of the hydralcoholic extract of Zingiber officinale rhizomes on rat paw and skin edema.
Magazine article from: Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy & Phytopharmacology; 6/1/2003; ; 700+ words
; ...sciences. Ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale...extract of ginger rhizomes on the classical...sciences. Ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale...et al. 1992). Rhizomes have been employed...Z. officinale rhizomes were collected in...7 mg of fresh rhizome). The ...
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Rhizome
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science
Rhizome A rhizome is a root-like, underground...roots from its nodes. Rhizomes are most commonly produced...agricultural species, the rhizome is also the harvested part...modified sections of its rhizomes, called tubers, that...
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rhizome
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
rhizome or rootstock, fleshy, creeping...produce new shoots. Thus if a rhizome is cut by a cultivating tool it...and Solomon's-seal all have rhizomes. True arrowroot is starch from the rhizome of a West Indian plant. See perennial...
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Ginger
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science
...that grow directly from the rhizome, and are about as tall as the leafy stems. The rhizome grows relatively quickly...it spreads. Because the rhizomes grow roots, the ginger...by taking pieces of the rhizome and planting them in the...
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Gastrodia
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
...preparation made from the rhizome or tuber of an orchid...gastrodioside, vanillin (from the rhizome), and vanillyl alcohol...made from the tubers and rhizomes, or underground stems, of the plant. The rhizomes are dug in winter or spring...
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Ferns
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science
...consists of one or more fronds attached to a rhizome. A frond is simply the leaf of the fern. A rhizome is a specialized, rootlike stem. In most temperate-zone species of ferns, the rhizome is subterranean and has true roots attached...
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