Fitzgerald, Geraldine
The Oxford Companion to American Theatre
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2004
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© The Oxford Companion to American Theatre 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information)
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Fitzgerald, Geraldine (1914–2005), actress and director. The Irish performer with a musical voice and a keen sense of character appeared in some two dozen New York productions in between her movie career and work in theatres on two continents. She was born in Dublin, the daughter of an attorney, was educated at the Dublin Art School, and first acted professionally at the Gate Theatre in her hometown. Fitzgerald made her Broadway debut as the innocent Ellie Dunn opposite Orson
Welles in the
Mercury Theatre production of
Heartbreak House in 1938. Among her memorable New York performances were the determined artist's wife Jennifer Dubedat in
The Doctor's Dilemma (1955), Goneril to Welles's
King Lear (1956), the haunted Mary Tyrone in
Long Day's Journey into Night (1971), the motherly Essie Miller in
Ah, Wilderness! (1975), the senile Felicity hanging onto life in
The Shadow Box (1977), and Nora, the put‐upon wife of a braggart, in
A Touch of the Poet (1977). Fitzgerald is also a respected director, and later in life she became popular as a singer of Irish folk songs in concert.
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A fatwa for every occasion
Magazine article from: New Statesman; 8/6/2007; ; 700+ words
; ...Muslim world has gone fatwa-mad. Or rather...gone mad through fatwas. From Egypt to Pakistan...mullahs followed. Fatwas have become an essential...ideological war. The fatwa issued in December...one of countless fatwas to emerge from NWFP...particularly women. The fatwa posted on the ...
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A fatwa free-for-all in the Islamic worldSurprising edicts disturb Muslims; 'There is chaos now,' one scholar says
Newspaper article from: International Herald Tribune; 6/12/2007; ; 700+ words
; ...legitimate. Some seek to limit fatwas to the written Koran, as a...Brother Citizens, the Azhar Fatwa Committee welcomes the masses of citizens and announces that fatwas are free of charge and of fees...small room that serves as a fatwa center for Egyptians looking...
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 "Dar Al Hayat, International ed. (Beirut, Lebanon)")
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The Fatwa Anarchy.
Newspaper article from: Dar Al Hayat, International ed. (Beirut, Lebanon); 3/9/2009; 700+ words
; ...The phenomenon of "weird" fatwas, rather "comic" ones, has...of reference and restrain the fatwas under the umbrella of the Muslim...Mecca. In the absence of a fatwa frame of reference, the Arab...bill to fight the anarchy of fatwas, especially after the recent...
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A fatwa free-for-all in the Muslim worldEdicts proliferating from many sources
Newspaper article from: International Herald Tribune; 6/13/2007; ; 700+ words
; ...explosion of places offering fatwas, from Web sites to satellite...that set up their own fatwa committees.''There...some seek to limit fatwas to the written Koran...Citizens, the Azhar Fatwa Committee welcomes the...citizens and announces that fatwas are free of charge and...
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EU REL Fatwa Fight
News Wire article from: AP Worldstream; 12/28/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...the war of the fatwas." One of the most...the February 1998 "fatwa" by bin Laden and...react to the radical fatwas. But now there is...leaders issued a fatwa condemning al-Qaida...violence or issue fatwas without state permission...radical Islam. "The fatwa, unfortunately...
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 "The Star (Jordan, Middle East)")
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Increase in fatwas reflects complexity of Arab world, THE STAR
Newspaper article from: The Star (Jordan, Middle East); 7/15/2001; ; 700+ words
; ...t released any fatwa concerning the author...the right to issue fatwas are well-defined...main directives for fatwa: To serve religious...serve governments. "Fatwas should provide neutral...in the number of fatwas was due in part to...television programs. One fatwa targeted the ...
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Now a fatwa against sending troops to Iraq.
News Wire article from: United Press International; 8/28/2003; 700+ words
; ...leaders have used fatwa to promote their...Laden issued a set of fatwas in early 2001, declaring...declared bin Laden's fatwa "null and void...entitled to issue fatwas as he did not complete...her country after a fatwa was issued against...scholars justify the fatwas linked to the ...
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Facing up to fatwas.
Newspaper article from: Kippreport; 5/14/2009; 700+ words
; ...that announce and debate fatwas. During the Arab Media...discussed the rise of fatwa TV channels, including...not qualified to issue fatwas, and "exploit the opportunity...British callers with fatwas on everyday dilemmas. The dial-a-fatwa, as it's called...
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The Washington fatwa; How useful is it in fighting terrorism?(OPED)
Newspaper article from: The Washington Times; 8/8/2005; 700+ words
; ...civilians. This "fatwa," issued by American...United States. Other fatwas were issued in Britain...Arabic version of the fatwa, at least not when it was announced. Fatwas are generally issued...state in their own fatwas that there are no...waged? The American fatwa could have been ...
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 "The Nation (Karachi, Pakistan)")
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ARTICLE: Fatwa versus terrorism.
Newspaper article from: The Nation (Karachi, Pakistan); 12/9/2009; 700+ words
; ...establishment, declared that fatwas are not binding, but...not essential that any fatwa would be religiously...issues a single or several fatwas. As far as the issue...shaheed. The issue of fatwa versus terrorism may...areas, start issuing fatwas that support the viewpoint...
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fatwa
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...religious matter. The fatwa is usually a valuable...normal circumstances, a fatwa is legally binding only...divorce, and inheritance. Fatwas are often issued to raise...hundreds of thousands of fatwas have been produced...Ayatollah Khomeini issued a fatwa calling for the death...
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Fatwa
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa
FATWA Technical term for the legal...were allowed to be muftis. Fatwas are nonbinding, contrary to...another legal opinion. The fatwas of famous jurists are usually...adopted secular legal systems, fatwas are issued mostly on a personal...
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Sir Salman Rushdie
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...Ayatollah Khomeini , who in 1989 issued a fatwa sentencing Rushdie to death. Violence...Iranian government ended its support for the fatwa in 1998, but in 2004 an Iranian group...Rushdie's murder. Rushdie's first post- fatwa novel, The Ground beneath Her Feet (1999...
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Kenya, Bombing of United States Embassy
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Espionage, Intelligence, and Security
...conferences where Bin Laden was present, and was aware of a 1996 fatwa (religious ruling), signed by Bin Laden, that urged the...Qaeda commanders. He also was aware of Bin Laden's 1996 fatwa. Al-Owhali, the first suspect, was a Yemeni national who...
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Maliki School of Law
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa
...by al-Wansharisi (died 1508), one of the most important fatwa collections in the school. Further, in writing on legal theory...presence may also be found today in Bahrain and Kuwait. see also fatwa; hanafi school of law; hanbali school of law; shafi ʿ...
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