Research topic:Protestantism

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Protestantism

World Encyclopedia | 2005 | © World Encyclopedia 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Protestantism Branch of Christianity formed in protest against the practices and doctrines of the old Roman Catholic Church. Protestants sought a vernacular Bible to replace the Latin Vulgate, and to express individual elements of nationalism. According to tradition, the movement started when Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses to a church door in Wittenberg. His predecessors included John Wycliffe and Jan Hus. Later supporters included Ulrich Zwingli and John Calvin, whose interpretation of the Bible and concept of predestination had great influence. The Protestants held the Eucharist to be a symbolic celebration, as opposed to the Roman Catholic dogma of transubstantiation, and claimed that because Christ is the sole medium between God and man, his function cannot be displaced by the priests of the Church.

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