dance language
dance language(bee dance) The ritualized behaviour (first recorded by Aristotle and described in detail by Karl von
Frisch) by which a returned worker honey-bee (Apis species) communicates the quality and source of food to other workers. There are two dances, both performed in the darkness of the nest or hive, on the vertical wax comb. The ‘round’ dance conveys the presence and quality of a food source close to the nest; no directional information is given. It comprises runs in a small circle, with regular changes of direction. The more frequent the change of direction, the greater the profitability of the food source (i.e. the greater its calorific value). Workers of foraging age pay particular attention to the pollen carried by the dancer and constantly
antennate her. Presumably they identify the source of the pollen by its characteristic scent and are then recruited to exploit the nearby source of food. The ‘waggle’ dance conveys a wider range of information, relating to the distance and direction of the food source, as well as its quality. It refers to more distant sources of food than does the round dance, and often recruits workers to exploit flowers several kilometres from the nest. The waggle dance comprises runs in a flattened figure-of-eight pattern, with the waggle action performed in the straight run between the two rounds of the figure. The duration and vigour of the waggle are scaled to indicate distance, as is the loudness and duration of the buzzing associated with the waggle. Direction is indicated by the angle by which the straight run deviates from the vertical, the angle being equal to the angle between the direction of the food source and the sun as seen at that time from the nest entrance. Workers recruited by this dance will fly on a course that maintains this angle until they reach the food source, which they recognized by olfactory cues picked up earlier by antennation of the dancing worker in the hive. The dance language can be regarded as a ritualized enactment or ‘charade’ of the foraging flight made by the dancing worker. The language varies slightly between one geographic race of honey-bees and another, and thus resembles birdsong and human languages in having local dialects.
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DR. BENJAMIN CHURCH America's First Traitor.
Magazine article from: Cobblestone; 11/1/1999; ; 700+ words
; ...distinction belongs to Dr. Benjamin Church of Boston, Massachusetts...over. In October 1775, Church was convicted by court...George Washington wanted Church executed. The Continental...that Benedict Arnold and Benjamin Church crossed paths...
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The Literary and Military Career of Benjamin Church: Change or Continuity in Early American Warfare
Magazine article from: Historical Journal of Massachusetts; 7/1/2007; ; 700+ words
; ...Anglicization (from the east). Benjamin Church and Robert Rogers, the legendary...span of the colonial era. What Church invented (by borrowing from Indians...which the knowledge acquired by Church was disseminated among colonial...
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Benjamin Elliott, 82, Dies; Church Architect
Newspaper article from: The Washington Post; 1/26/2003; 415 words
; Benjamin P. Elliott, 82, a retired church architect who had maintained offices...Mr. Elliott was the principal of Benjamin P. Elliott Architects and Planners...was a member of Christ Episcopal Church in Rockville, a trustee and board...
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Julia Roberts, Oprah Winfrey, John Cleese, Steve Buscemi, Cedric The Entertainer, Reba McEntire, Kathy Bates, Thomas Haden Church and Andre Benjamin (AKA Andre 3000) Join Voice Cast for E.B. White's Classic Book Adaptation of 'Charlotte's Web'; Roberts to Lend Her Vocals of Charlotte for the Live-Action Feature/Photo Real CG Animated Film and Dakota Fanning to Star as Fern.
PR Newswire; 1/18/2005; 700+ words
; ...McEntire, Kathy Bates, Thomas Haden Church and Andre Benjamin (Andre 3000) have joined the...Betsy and Bitsy and Thomas Haden Church (Golden Globe Nominee in "Sideways...dimwitted crows opposite Andre Benjamin (Andre 3000) as Elwyn the other...
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Robert Redford Joins Voice Cast for E.B. White's Classic Book Adaptation of 'Charlotte's Web'; Julia Roberts, Oprah Winfrey, John Cleese, Steve Buscemi, Cedric The Entertainer, Reba McEntire, Kathy Bates, Thomas Haden Church and Andre Benjamin (AKA Andre 3000) Also Lend their Vocals for the Live-Action Feature/Photo Real CG Animated Film with Dakota Fanning to Star as Fern.
PR Newswire; 4/6/2005; 700+ words
; ...McEntire, Kathy Bates, Thomas Haden Church and Andre Benjamin (Andre 3000.) Jordan Kerner...Betsy and Bitsy and Thomas Haden Church (Golden Globe Nominee in "Sideways...dimwitted crows opposite Andre Benjamin (Andre 3000) as Elwyn the other...
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Tanzanian President's address to Faith and Order Commission. (Benjamin William Mkapa, World Council of Churches' commission)(Transcript)
Magazine article from: The Ecumenical Review; 10/1/1996; 700+ words
; ...given by Tanzanian president Benjamin William Mkapa to the meeting...appropriate. You are a community of churches in search of practical Christian...welfare issues and projects. The churches in Tanzania have a long and...and hospitals were built by churches. With an area of 945,000...
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Race murders in the Midwest.(World Church of the Creator member, Benjamin Smith, went on a shooting rampage, killing 'non-white' victims, before killing himself)(Brief Article)
Magazine article from: The Economist (US); 7/10/1999; 700+ words
; ...and violently. On July 2nd, Benjamin Smith, a 21-year-old university...and killed outside a Korean church. Roughly 48 hours after the...s involvement in the World Church of the Creator, a white...Peoria, Illinois. The World Church has declared a "racial holy...
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Fire in His Heart: Bishop Benjamin Tucker Tanner and the A.M.E. Church.
Magazine article from: Church History; 3/1/2000; ; 700+ words
; ...Fire in His Heart: Bishop Benjamin Tucker Tanner and the A.M.E. Church. By William Seraile. Knoxville...Fire in His Heart: Bishop Benjamin Tucker Tanner and the A...the nineteenth century--Benjamin Tanner (1835-1923). In...
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Deliverance Evangelistic mourns pastor: Church says farewell to Rev. Benjamin Smith Sr.
Newspaper article from: Philadelphia Tribune, The; 3/26/2002; ; 700+ words
; ...the better. The Rev. Benjamin Smith, senior pastor of Deliverance Evangelistic Church left behind a legacy of...ones whose lives Pastor Benjamin Smith touched," said...active members. Pastor Benjamin Smith, Sr.'s life was...
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General Gage's Informers: New Material upon Lexington and Concord, Benjamin Thompson as Loyalist and the Treachery of Benjamin Church, Jr., a Study.(Brief Article)(Book Review)
Magazine article from: Reference & Research Book News; 5/1/2006; 505 words
; 0945726074 General Gage's informers; new material upon Lexington & Concord, Benjamin Thompson as loyalist & the treachery of Benjamin Church, Jr.; a study. (reprint, 1932) (map included) French, Allen. Scholar's Bookshelf...
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Benjamin Church
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Benjamin Church 1639-1718, New England colonial soldier in King Philip's War , b. Plymouth, Mass. He took a leading part in the Great Swamp Fight (Dec., 1675), W of Kingston, R.I., and finally hunted down and killed Philip in Aug., 1676.
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Church, Benjamin
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to American Military History
Church, Benjamin (1639–1718), colonial soldier.A farmer in Plymouth‐Colony, Benjamin Church soldiered in three wars. The son of a veteran of the Pequot War...
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Asher Benjamin
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography
...House (1806) and the First Church (1808), both in Boston...Massachusetts and Vermont. Many churches and homes in New England attributed to Benjamin were constructed by carpenter...books. The Congregational Church in Bennington, Vt. (1804...which has been attributed to Benjamin, was designed ...
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Benjamin E. Mays
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography
Benjamin E. Mays In addition to occupying...s office at Morehouse, Benjamin Mays (1894-1984) wrote...Education, preached in a Baptist church, acted as an advisor to the...African American scholar Benjamin E. Mays was among the first...
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Mays, Benjamin (1895–1984)
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Education
MAYS, BENJAMIN (1895 – 1984) Benjamin Elijah Mays was born...to date on the black church and its influence on...Methodist Episcopal (CME) Church, conducted a fourteen-month study of 691 churches in 12 large cities...
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