Research topic:bone

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bone

A Dictionary of Ecology | 2004 | | © A Dictionary of Ecology 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

bone The skeletal tissue of vertebrates, which has a greater potential for preservation than cartilage, but is rarely found as intact skeletons. Bone consists of cells arranged regularly in a matrix mainly of collagen, heavily impregnated with calcium phosphate, which accounts for more than half the total weight. There are two main types: (a)endochondral bone, which forms the vertebrae and inner skull, develops from cartilaginous rudiments in the embryo; and(b)dermal bone, which develops directly in tissues beneath the skin without a cartilaginous precursor. It forms the scales in fish and the outer bones of the skull, the growth patterns of which are characteristic for each taxonomic group. Teeth are also derived from dermal bone, but have a denser structure. They are composed largely of dentine covered by hard enamel. Teeth are commonly preserved as fossils and are of great diagnostic importance.

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