precision bombing
The Oxford Companion to World War II
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2001
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© The Oxford Companion to World War II 2001, originally published by Oxford University Press 2001. (Hide copyright information)
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precision bombing is the bombing of specific targets, which the Eighth and Fifteenth US Army Air Forces employed during their daylight
strategic air offensives against European targets. It was something of a misnomer because only a squadron's lead bomber aimed at the target; the others just dropped their bombs as close as possible to those released by the leader (see also
pattern bombing).
When the
Butt report revealed British Bomber Command's failure with precision bombing in 1941 the RAF turned to
area bombing which the Americans also used during their strategic air offensive against Japan. Later in the war, when
electronic navigation systems increased its accuracy, Bomber Command used precision bombing, often with remarkable success.
An example of true precision bombing was the destruction, prior to the Normandy landings (see
OVERLORD), of all 24 bridges across the River Seine by aircraft of the Ninth USAAF. One of them, a railway bridge at Vernon, was destroyed by eight fighter-bombers with just eight tons of bombs. See also
Amiens prison,
Dam Busters,
Peenemünde, and
Shell House raids.
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Book article from: A Dictionary of Zoology
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Book article from: A Dictionary of Zoology
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