maquis
The Oxford Companion to World War II
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2001
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© The Oxford Companion to World War II 2001, originally published by Oxford University Press 2001. (Hide copyright information)
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maquis is the Corsican name for the local brushwood which resistance fighters on the island of Corsica used for cover. It was also the name given to groups of young Frenchmen who, from the autumn of 1942 onwards, took to the forests and mountains to avoid compulsory labour service in Germany which had been forced upon the
Vichy government by
Fritz Sauckel. Some were only intent on avoiding capture but others, armed and trained by
SOE and by the
Office of Strategic Services, became a formidable part of the resistance movement which so hampered the Germans after the Normandy landings in June 1944 (see
OVERLORD) and were so effective after the French Riviera landings that August (DRAGOON). Later many joined
General de Lattre de Tassigny's First French Army in time for the
Rhine crossings and the
battle for Germany. The biggest Maquis base was in the
Vercors. See also
France, 9.
Bibliography
Kedward, R. , In Search of the Maquis (London, 1993).
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Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography
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Book article from: The Oxford Companion to British History
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