Tirailleurs
The Oxford Companion to World War II
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2001
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© The Oxford Companion to World War II 2001, originally published by Oxford University Press 2001. (Hide copyright information)
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Tirailleurs (sharpshooters), the name given to the infantry regiments of the Armée d'Afrique and the Troupes Coloniales (see
France, 6(b)). Originally, the term was applied to indigenous troops used for skirmishing or as scouts, not as infantry of the line. The Armée d'Afrique conscripted them from the local populations of Algeria, Tunisia, and French Morocco; the Troupes Coloniales conscripted them from other French colonies with French subject status. Twenty-one regiments of Tirailleurs Algériens and Tirailleurs Tunisiens took part in the fighting which preceded the
fall of France in June 1940, eight fought in the
North African campaign, four in the
French Expeditionary Corps in the
Italian campaign, and five in the
French Riviera landings. The Tirailleurs Sénégalais, the generic description for infantry units raised from the populations of French sub-Saharan colonies, also fought in France in 1940 and suffered heavy casualties. They were then used by the
Vichy French government and by the Free French, so that they sometimes fought each other (see
Gabon and
Syrian campaigns, for example). Tirailleurs opposed the Allies at the start of the North African campaign, but then fought with them, and, with
de Lattre de Tassigny's First French Army, some took part in the French Riviera landings and the battle for
Germany.
Bibliography
Clayton, A. , France, Soldiers and Africa (London, 1988).
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Herodians
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Boethusians
Book article from: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
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Judaism
Book article from: A Dictionary of the Bible
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