Sauckel, Fritz
The Oxford Companion to World War II
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2001
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© The Oxford Companion to World War II 2001, originally published by Oxford University Press 2001. (Hide copyright information)
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Sauckel, Fritz (1894–1946),Nazi Party member from 1923 who was appointed the
Gauleiter of Thuringia in 1927, its minister president in 1932, and then its governor. In March 1942 Hitler appointed him plenipotentiary for the mobilization of labour which made him responsible for Germany's entire workforce including foreigners and prisoners-of-war (see
forced labour). During the three years in which he worked to build up the workforce Sauckel acquired 5.3 million workers from occupied countries and he estimated in 1944 that only 200,000 of these were volunteers. By the end of 1944, 20% of all workers in Germany were foreigners. His demands on the
Vichy French government to provide sufficient conscripts drove many of those eligible to hide and fight (see
maquis). At the
Nuremberg trials he was sentenced to death and hanged.
Bibliography
Smelser, R., and Zitelmann, R. (eds.), The Nazi Elite (London, 1993).
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