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PLUTO

The Oxford Companion to World War II | 2001 | | Â© The Oxford Companion to World War II 2001, originally published by Oxford University Press 2001. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

PLUTO, acronym derived from the phrase Pipe Line Under The Ocean. Experiments began in 1942 by the British HQ, Combined Operations, to find a means of pumping petrol through flexible pipes laid across the floor of the English Channel. A trial pipe was laid across the Bristol Channel and four pipes, unwound from large drums (CONUNDRUMS) towed by tugs, were laid from the Isle of Wight to Cherbourg when the port was captured after the Normandy landings in June 1944 (see OVERLORD). In January 1945 another 16 pipes were laid from Dungeness to Ambleteuse, delivering up to 4,000 gallons a day. During the assault phase of the Normandy landings (see OVERLORD) petrol was pumped ashore from tankers direct to storage tanks by means of buoyed pipe lines, an operation codenamed TOMBOLA. The British terminus was at Port-en-Bessin, the American at St Honorine.

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I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. "PLUTO." The Oxford Companion to World War II. Oxford University Press. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 30 Nov. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. "PLUTO." The Oxford Companion to World War II. Oxford University Press. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. (November 30, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O129-PLUTO.html

I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. "PLUTO." The Oxford Companion to World War II. Oxford University Press. 2001. Retrieved November 30, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O129-PLUTO.html

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