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Ku Klux Klan

The Oxford Companion to American Literature | 1995 | | © The Oxford Companion to American Literature 1995, originally published by Oxford University Press 1995. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Ku Klux Klan, secret terrorist society widespread in the South during Reconstruction. It intended to keep freed blacks subservient, and used various methods of instilling fear, ranging from masks, flowing white robes, and horseback parades to raids by night, whippings, and tarring and feathering. It figures in Thomas Dixon's The Clansman, Evelyn Scott's A Calendar of Sin, and Robert Lewis Taylor's A Voyage to Matecumbe. The more recent Ku Klux Klan movement has been nationwide, originating in Georgia (1915) but spreading, as an outgrowth of World War I emotionalism, to many Northern regions. Based on a program of white supremacy, native Americanism, fundamentalism, anti‐Semitism, and anti‐Catholicism, it had considerable political influence, especially in the early 1920s. The opposition of many Southerners to civil‐rights legislation caused the Klan's revival in the 1960s, and it was joined by other extremist organizations that adopted some variation of its name.

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James D. Hart and and Phillip W. Leininger. "Ku Klux Klan." The Oxford Companion to American Literature. Oxford University Press. 1995. Encyclopedia.com. 9 Dec. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

James D. Hart and and Phillip W. Leininger. "Ku Klux Klan." The Oxford Companion to American Literature. Oxford University Press. 1995. Encyclopedia.com. (December 9, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O123-KuKluxKlan.html

James D. Hart and and Phillip W. Leininger. "Ku Klux Klan." The Oxford Companion to American Literature. Oxford University Press. 1995. Retrieved December 09, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O123-KuKluxKlan.html

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