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Croaker Papers

The Oxford Companion to American Literature | 1995 | | © The Oxford Companion to American Literature 1995, originally published by Oxford University Press 1995. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Croaker Papers, name given to a series of satirical poems on current topics by Drake and Halleck. The authorship of these popular verses was never acknowledged, and they were sent with elaborate secrecy to the New York Evening Post and National Advertiser between March and July 1819. Of the initial series of 35 poems, 14 are attributed to Drake ( Croaker); 13 to Halleck ( Croaker, Jr.); and eight to their collaboration (Croaker and Co.). The pseudonym was suggested by the name of a character in Goldsmith's The Good‐Natured Man. The first (unauthorized) collection was published in 1819 and contained 24 selections; the first complete edition was published in 1860.

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James D. Hart and and Phillip W. Leininger. "Croaker Papers." The Oxford Companion to American Literature. Oxford University Press. 1995. Encyclopedia.com. 25 Nov. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

James D. Hart and and Phillip W. Leininger. "Croaker Papers." The Oxford Companion to American Literature. Oxford University Press. 1995. Encyclopedia.com. (November 25, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O123-CroakerPapers.html

James D. Hart and and Phillip W. Leininger. "Croaker Papers." The Oxford Companion to American Literature. Oxford University Press. 1995. Retrieved November 25, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O123-CroakerPapers.html

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