‘Wild Geese’
The Oxford Companion to British History
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2002
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© The Oxford Companion to British History 2002, originally published by Oxford University Press 2002. (Hide copyright information)
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‘Wild Geese’ was the name given to catholic Irish professional soldiers who served in the armies of European sovereigns, especially after the conclusion of the Williamite war (1689–91) in Ireland. In fact connections of this kind long pre-dated 1691, but the treaty of
Limerick of 1691 sent 12,000 Irish troops to join the French army, and thereafter the combination of discouragement at home and opportunity abroad kept the flow of men going. They served with distinction in the armies of France, Austria, and Spain. Their leaders inevitably began to be absorbed into the ruling class of the great catholic monarchies, especially after 1759, when the last hope of Stuart restoration vanished. The French Revolution abolished the Irish Brigade in 1791. It also destroyed their monarchical Counter-Reformation world.
Bruce Philip Lenman
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Immunetrics Inc. Secures Biomarker Collaboration With University of Cologne and A Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Vienna.
PR Newswire; 6/6/2005; 700+ words
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Scientists at Ludwig Boltzmann Institute report research in endocytosis cell biology.
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Scientists at Ludwig Boltzmann Institute publish research in dementia.(Clinical report)
Newspaper article from: Clinical Trials Week; 11/30/2009; 700+ words
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Study data from Ludwig Boltzmann Institute update understanding of clinical trial research.(Clinical report)
Newspaper article from: Health & Medicine Week; 4/28/2008; 700+ words
; ...treatment group," wrote I. Krebs and colleagues, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute (see also Clinical Trial Research...43). For more information, contact I. Krebs, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Retinology and Biomicroscopic Laser...
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Data on dementia reported by researchers at Ludwig Boltzmann Institute.(Clinical report)
Newspaper article from: Biotech Week; 6/24/2009; 700+ words
; ...of 56%," wrote S. Jungwirth and colleagues, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute. The researchers concluded: "The combination...additional information, contact S. Jungwirth, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Aging Research, Vienna, Austria...
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Research on breast cancer therapy detailed by scientists at Ludwig Boltzmann Institute, Department of Surgery.
Newspaper article from: Angiogenesis Weekly; 8/8/2008; 700+ words
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Data on hernia repair detailed by researchers at Ludwig Boltzmann Institute.(Report)
Newspaper article from: Health & Medicine Week; 3/17/2008; 700+ words
; ...wrote A.H. Petter-Puchner and colleagues, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute. The researchers concluded: "In an experimental...information, contact A.H. Petter-Puchner, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, Vienna, Austria. The...
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AUSTRIA: 15 YEARS OF LUDWIG BOLTZMANN INSTITUTE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS
News Wire article from: US Fed News Service, Including US State News; 2/18/2008; 633 words
; ...in 1993 under the motto "All Human Rights for All!". In Austria the 15th anniversary of the foundation of the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Human Rights (BIM) is of great importance. "The Institute and its staff members do a great job...
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Evidence of Things Not Seen
Newspaper article from: The Washington Post; 1/28/2001; ; 700+ words
; BOLTZMANN'S ATOM The Great Debate That Launched...closing decades of the 19th century, when Ludwig Boltzmann introduced his startling new equations...Though little known to the lay public, Boltzmann looms large in the world of physics...
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Boltzmann, Ludwig
Book article from: Chemistry: Foundations and Applications
Boltzmann, Ludwig AUSTRIAN PHYSICIST1844–...Clerk. Richard E. Rice Bibliography Boltzmann, Ludwig (1905). "On the Trip of a German Professor into El Dorado." In Ludwig Boltzmann: His Later Life and Philosophy...
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Ludwig Boltzmann
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography
Ludwig Boltzmann The lasting fame of the Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann (1844-1906) rests on the statistical...gave to classical thermodynamics. Ludwig Boltzmann was born on Feb. 20, 1844, in Vienna...
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Boltzmann constant
Book article from: A Dictionary of Astronomy
Boltzmann constant (symbol k or k _ B ) A constant...atoms, ions, or electrons. The Boltzmann constant relates pressure, p , and...named after the Austrian physicist Ludwig Edward Boltzmann (1844–1906).
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Stefan–Boltzmann law
Book article from: A Dictionary of Astronomy
Stefan–Boltzmann law A law relating the energy emitted...x3C3; is the Stefan–Boltzmann constant . The total power per...and derived theoretically by Ludwig Edward Boltzmann (1844–1906).
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Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography
Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck The German physicist Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck (1858-1947) discovered the quantum of...himself driven inexorably to the conviction that Ludwig Boltzmann, not he, had been correct in arguing that the...
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