Extra ecclesiam nulla salus (est)
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
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1997
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© The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions 1997, originally published by Oxford University Press 1997. (Hide copyright information)
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Extra ecclesiam nulla salus (est) (Lat., ‘outside the church there is no salvation’). The view, expressed first by
Origen and
Cyprian, that formal membership of the Church is necessary for salvation. The
bull Unam Sanctam (1302) of Pope
Boniface VIII declared that ‘there is one holy, catholic and apostolic Church, outside of which there is neither salvation nor remission of sins’, and that ‘it is altogether necessary to salvation for every human creature to be subject to the Roman pontiff’. The bull mentions specifically ‘the Greeks’ (i.e. the Greek Orthodox):
a fortiori, those in other religions must be in equally great peril.
The apparent severity to non-Christians and non-Catholics is modified by
invincible ignorance.
This caution issued in the teaching of Vatican II (especially
Lumen Gentium) that those who live by conscience outside the Church may be saved. See also Anonymous Christians in
RAHNER, K.
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