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SIC 1423 Crushed and Broken Granite

SIC 1423
CRUSHED AND BROKEN GRANITE

This classification covers establishments primarily engaged in mining or quarrying crushed and broken granite, including related rocks, such as gneiss, syenite, and diorite.

NAICS Code(s)

212313 (Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying)

The top crushed and broken granite producer in the early 2000s was the family-owned Luck Stone Corp. of Richmond, Virginia, with more than 900 employees in 2004. The company, founded in 1923 and now run by the third generation of the Luck family, was the twelfth

largest producer of crushed stone in the United States, operating nearly 20 crushed stone and sand-and-gravel plants, and eight retail stores in Virginia and North Carolina. Its automated, noise-controlled crushers had the capacity to produce and ship over 600,000 tons of stone daily, as compared to its 1923 capacity of 100 tons produced manually by men with sledgehammers, loading mule-drawn carts by hand. Retail stores, part of the Architectural Stone division, offered crushed stone to construction professionals as well as the general public for diverse uses such as in fireplaces and garden pathways.

The industry is composed primarily of small independent operators, with a few large companies producing a significant percent of total granite output. Approximately 150 companies operate 365 granite quarries in 34 states. Leading states include Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia, South Carolina, and Arkansas. Together, these five states make up nearly three-fourths of total production.

A small but healthy segment of the U.S. crushed stone industry, crushed granite accounted for approximately 15 percent of U.S. production as of 2003. That year, the United States produced nearly 430,000 tons, down from 437,000 tons in 1999. In general, granite production growth and prices have exceeded the average for crushed stone in the early 2000s. As with most types of crushed stone, the majority of crushed granite—roughly 56 percent—is used as construction aggregate. Leading importers of granite include Italy, which accounts for 41 percent of granite imports; Brazil, which accounts for 17 percent; India, which accounts for 13 percent, and Canada, which accounts for 11 percent. Exports of granite declined from 166,000 tons in 1999 to 140,000 tons in 2003.

Civil engineers found granite as early as 1871 along the main coastal line of the Southern Pacific railroad. As track was laid throughout California, engineers discovered that granite was the perfect ballast material for railroad beds. With the inception of automated, steam-powered crushers, the mining and production of granite improved significantly.

When crushed to powder, tiny fragments of separate substances can be picked out of granite. These secondary or compositional particles include quartz, feldspar, and mica. As the most common igneous rock in the earth's crust, granite has been mined voluminously for decades.

The introduction of giant, mobile primary crushers in mining operations at granite quarries unleashed enormous production and profit potential. Other recent technological innovations used in granite mining include conveyors that move rock from the primary crusher to wash plants and secondary crushers; state-of-the-art, computer-controlled automated trucks and rail car loading systems; and the complete control and monitoring of all quarry operations by large computer systems.

Further Reading

Barksdale, Richard D., ed. The Aggregate Handbook. Washington DC: National Stone Association.

Infotrac Company Profiles, 20 January 2000. Available from http://web5.infotrac.galegroup.com.

U.S. Geological Survey. Mineral Commodity Summaries, January 2004. Available from http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/mcs/2004/mcs2004.pdf.

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

(Including press releases, facts, information, and biographies)

	State orders town to repair sidewalks; Selectmen agree to remedy loose stones.(LOCAL NEWS) Newspaper article from: Telegram & Gazette (Worcester, MA); 6/27/2007; 614 words ; ...Russell HARDWICK - Last year's $90,000 crushed stone and oil refurbishment of the dilapidated...down a 3/4-inch asphalt cover atop the crushed stone. Hardwick has 30 days to appeal the...on an asphalt base, with 6 inches of crushed stone, topped with bituminous asphalt and... Read more
	Uses of industrial minerals, rocks, and freshwater.(Brief article)(Book review) Magazine article from: SciTech Book News; 6/1/2009; 117 words ; ...from the Indian Bureau of Mines lists and briefly explains the principal uses of 49 minerals, as well as dimension stone and crushed stone. The minerals are organized alphabetically, starting with asbestos. Some chapters, such as the one on celestite and strontianite... Read more
	The FHWA test road: construction and instrumentation. (Federal Highway Administration) Magazine article from: Public Roads; 6/1/1992; ; 700+ words ; ...of A-4 subbase, a 305-mm (12in) crushed stone base course, and topped with 178...subbase overlaid by 305 mm (12 in)of crushed stone and a 89 mm (3.5-in) asphalt concrete pavement. A crushed stone shoulder3.5 m (11 ft) wide and up... Read more
	Liquid stone new architecture in concrete: the National Building Museum celebrates concrete's past, present, and future.(Cover Story) Magazine article from: Concrete Construction; 6/1/2004; ; 700+ words ; ...cement, water, sand, and mineral aggregates such as gravel or crushed stone but is commonly regarded as a distinct, homogeneous substance...which they then mixed with various substances--ranging from crushed stone and broken bricks to milk and even animal blood--to create... Read more
	Rotex Inc. unveils new Gradex 3000 fully automatic aggregate classifier. (Equipment & Packaging News).(Brief Article)(Product Announcement) Magazine article from: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal; 5/20/2002; 134 words ; ...automatic sieve analysis for the gradation of aggregate material. Helpful in classifying materials such as sand, gravel, or crushed stone, the patented PC-controlled Gradex 3000 provides analysis and a complete data printout that allow for consistent testing... Read more
	Short line and regional traffic index.(Industry Indicators)(materials carried by carloads)(Brief article)(Statistical data) Magazine article from: Railway Age; 9/1/2007; 131 words ; ...originated originated % Carloads, by commodity July '07 July '06 change Chemicals 40,749 37,303 4.6% Coal 22,254 23,207 -4.1% Crushed stone, sand, and gravel 21.677 25,978 -16.6% Food and kindred products 13,327 12,389 7.6% Grain 30,437 30,734 -1.0% Grain mill... Read more
	Short line and regional traffic index.(Indsutry Indicators)(Statistical table)(Brief article) Magazine article from: Railway Age; 5/1/2009; 141 words ; ...originated originated Change Carloads, by commodity Mar. '09 Mar. '09 Chemicals 40,515 47,467 -14.6% Coal 24,125 25,404 -5.0% Crushed stone, sand, and gravel 16,095 17,114 -6.0% Food and kindred products 15,063 14,960 0.7% Grain 25,237 31,265 -19.3% Grain mill... Read more
	Mortar and stone.(What's New) Magazine article from: Custom Home; 3/1/2004; ; 158 words ; ...wall cladding stones from Modulo USA are made from reconstituted natural stones collected from France's Valois region. The crushed stone material is colored with several metal oxides, then molded and imprinted with 100 different high-definition textures to provide... Read more
	Short line and regional traffic index.(Industry Indicators)(Table)(Brief article) Magazine article from: Railway Age; 4/1/2008; 145 words ; ...originated originated % Carloads, by commodity Feb. '08 Feb.. '07 Change Chemicals 39,968 36,820 8.5% Coal 20,318 20,499 -0.6% Crushed stone, sand, and gravel 15,995 14,342 11.5% Food and kindred products 13,321 12,612 5.6% Grain 29,436 28,165 4.5% Grain mill products... Read more
	Short line and regional traffic index.(Industry Indicators)(Statistical table)(Brief article) Magazine article from: Railway Age; 8/1/2008; 140 words ; ...originated originated % Carload, by commodity June '08 June '07 Change Chemicals 38,632 40,124 -3.7% Coal 21,954 22,586 -2.8% Crushed stone, sand, and gravel 23,613 22,870 3.2% Food and kindred products 12,901 13,591 -5.1% Grain 25,421 27,312 -6.9% Grain mill products... Read more

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