Malthus, Thomas Robert English Classical Economist and Clergyman (1766–1834)
Malthus, Thomas Robert
ENGLISH CLASSICAL ECONOMIST AND CLERGYMAN
(1766–1834)
Thomas Robert Malthus is best remembered for his 1798 treatise titled An Essay on the Principle of Population as it Affects the Future Improvement of Society.
In that work, he argued that because food production increased arithmetically and human population increased in a more rapid geometric manner, society would ultimately face dire consequences because of decreasing per capita food availability. Because of this thesis, economics has been coined "the dismal science." Detractors note that it is only a hypothesis and not a proven theory. Furthermore, they argue that human conditions since Malthus have improved in many ways due to technological innovation. The Malthusian hypothesis today remains influential in environmental thought because of its warning about unrestrained population growth.
see also
Ehrlich, Paul;
Limits to Growth;
Population;
Tragedy of the Commons.
internet resource
The International Society of Malthus Web site, edited by Ronald Bleier. Available from http://www.igc.org/desip/malthus.
Joseph E. de Steiguer
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Embryonic stem cells develop into ectoderm cells in damaged inner ear.
Newspaper article from: Biotech Week; 6/2/2004; 669 words
; ...amp; NewsRx.net) -- Embryonic stem cells develop into ectoderm cells in damaged inner ears. "The potential of embryonic...ear may have some activity inducing ES cells to develop into ectoderm cells, but the effect was insufficient to induce inner ear...
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Proximal visceral endoderm and extraembryonic ectoderm regulate the formation of primordial germ cell precursors.(Research article)
Magazine article from: BMC Developmental Biology; 12/20/2007; ; 700+ words
; ...cells adjacent to the extraembryonic ectoderm. The population of PGC precursors increases...endoderm (VE) and the extraembryonic ectoderm (ExE) play an important role in the...from epiblast; ExE, extraembryonic ectoderm; thick black line, endoderm. (I...
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Funny looking discs; Avoiding unnecessary referral.(optic nerve anomalies)
Magazine article from: Optician; 7/11/2003; ; 700+ words
; ...germinal layers seen in embryonic tissue - ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, only the ectoderm and mesoderm take part in ocular tissue development...tissue is derived embryologically from surface ectoderm, neural ectoderm, neural crest and mesodermal...
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Neural tube derived Wnt signals cooperate with FGF signaling in the formation and differentiation of the trigeminal placodes.(Research article)(fibroblast growth factor)(Report)
Magazine article from: Neural Development; 12/15/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...and focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm, the neurogenic placodes [1, 2...cells extend anterior-laterally in the ectoderm and then delaminate into the underlying...follows. At the three somite stage, head ectoderm rostral to the first somite is competent...
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Early Development of Zooxanthella-Containing Eggs of the Corals Pocillopora verrucosa and P. eydouxi with Special Reference to the Distribution of Zooxanthellae.
Magazine article from: The Biological Bulletin; 8/1/2000; ; 700+ words
; ...at least temporarily observed in the ectoderm of planulae of some corals and soft corals...because infection first occurred in the ectoderm cells of embryos or early planulae...daughter cells, including presumptive ectoderm cells (Benayahu, 1997; Benayahu and...
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Ocular embryology and development.
Magazine article from: Optician; 1/18/2002; ; 700+ words
; ...basic germ layers of the embryo, the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. This process...remarkably similar between the species with ectoderm forming nervous tissue and skin, mesoderm...with the differentiation of a group of ectoderm cells into neural ectoderm. This differentiation...
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Georgia firm could test Geron-Wisconsin stem cell advantage; BresaGen claims it has derived 4 embryonic lines.(BUSINESS)(BIOSCOPE)
Newspaper article from: San Francisco Chronicle; 8/20/2001; ; 700+ words
; ...development called the early primitive ectoderm -- which occurs slightly after the formation...said the cells in the early primitive ectoderm develop in two directions. One branch...The cells in the early primitive ectoderm basically make the embryo," Robins...
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Function of FGF8 during embryonic development elucidated.
Newspaper article from: Genomics & Genetics Weekly; 2/13/2004; 700+ words
; ...and to determine whether the pharyngeal ectoderm and endoderm Fgf8 expression domains...gene function in the pharyngeal arch ectoderm and endoderm," the researchers wrote...ablating FGF8 protein in the pharyngeal arch ectoderm causes failure of formation of the fourth...
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Defective Decapentaplegic Signaling Results in Heart Overgrowth and Reduced Cardiac Output in Drosophila
Magazine article from: Genetics; 7/1/2007; ; 700+ words
; ...Decapentaplegic (Dpp) signals from the dorsal ectoderm to maintain Tinman (Tin) expression...that a second Dpp signal from the dorsal ectoderm restricts the number of pericardial cells...Decapentaplegic (Dpp) signals from the dorsal ectoderm to the dorsal mesoderm for a second time...
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ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIAS
Magazine article from: Dental Assistant; 5/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; ...or more derivatives of the embryonic ectoderm. To say that the EDs are inherited means...say that derivatives of the embryonic ectoderm are involved means that the hair, nails...this juncture to illustrate that the ectoderm does not develop in a vacuum. There...
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ectoderm
Book article from: A Dictionary of Biology
ectoderm The external layer of cells of the gastrula , which will develop into the epidermis and the nervous system in the adult. See also germ layers .
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Hans Spemann
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography
...influence exerted by the cup on the overlying ectoderm. Spemann's Classical Experiments This...the implanted material, so that the ectoderm (upper layer) of the implant formed...embryo was formed by induction from the ectoderm of the host tissue. To decide the point...
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Growth and Differentiation of the Nervous System
Book article from: Animal Sciences
...which also gives rise to the skin. All ectoderm cells have the ability to develop into...releases chemicals onto the overlying ectoderm, causing those cells to differentiate...structure is formed from rapidly dividing ectoderm cells. In the second step, the continued...
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embryo
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...The outer layer of cells is called the ectoderm , the inner layer the endoderm . Among...however, a later invagination of the ectoderm results in a gut that is open at both...and tissues develop. In general the ectoderm gives rise to the skin, or integument...
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Embryo and Embryonic Development
Encyclopedia entry from: UXL Encyclopedia of Science
...blood cells, muscle cells, brain cells, and sex cells. Ectoderm: The outer layer or cells in the multilayered embryo. Endoderm...end. Three distinct types of cells can be distinguished. Ectoderm cells will form the embryo's skin; mesoderm cells its bones...
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