Biswas, Anil
International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers
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2001
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Copyright 2001, Gale Group. All rights reserved. Gale Group is a Thomson Corporation Company. (Hide copyright information)
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BISWAS, Anil
Composer. Nationality: Indian. Born: Barisal, East Bengal (now Bangladesh), 1914. Career: 1930—moved to Calcutta: actor, singer, and assistant music director, Rangmahal Theatre, 1932–34; 1934—moved to Bombay; 1935—composed background music for Dharam Ki Devi ; 1936–42—composer for Sagar Movietones; 1942—joined Bombay Talkies; 1957—worked on two films in the USSR; 1963–65—director of National Orchestra for All India Radio (AIR), and chief producer of light Hindustani music from 1965; television work includes title music for popular serial Humlog. Address: K-11/12, South Extension Part-II, New Delhi 110049, India.
Films as Composer/Music Director:
- 1935
Dharam Ki Devi
- 1936
Pratima (Prem Murti ); Prem Bandhan ; Sher Ka Panja
- 1937
Bull Dog ; Dukhiyari ; Gentleman Daku ; Insaf ; Jagirdar ; Kokila ; Maha Geet
- 1938
Dynamite ; Gramaphone Singer ; Hum Tum aur Woh ; Nirala Hindustan ; Abhilasha ; 300 Din Ke Baad ; Vatan
- 1939
Jeevan Sathi ; Ek Hi Raasta
- 1940
Alibaba ; Aurat ; Pooja
- 1941
Aasraa ; Bahen ; Nai Roshani
- 1942
Apna Paraya ; Gareeb ; Jawani ; Roti ; Vijaya
- 1943
Hamari Baat ; Basant ; Kismat
- 1944
Char Ankhen ; Jwar Bhata
- 1945
Pahli Nazar
- 1946
Milan
- 1947
Bhookh ; Manjudhar ; Nayya
- 1948
Anokha Pyar ; Gajre ; Veena
- 1949
Girls' School ; Jeet ; Ladali
- 1950
Arzoo ; Beqasoor ; Lajawab
- 1951
Aaraam ; Badi Bahu ; Do Sitare ; Taran
- 1952
Do Raha
- 1953
Aakash ; Farib ; Ham Dard ; Julianwale ; Baag ki Jyoti ; Mehmaan ; Rahi
- 1954
Maan ; Mahatma Kabir Munna ; Naaz ; Waris
- 1955
Farar
- 1956
Heer ; Paisa hi paisa
- 1957
Abhiman ; Jalti Nishani ; Afanasi Nikitin ; Pardeshi
- 1958
Sanskar
- 1959
Char dil Char rahen
- 1960
Angulimaal ; Mira ka Chitra ; Superman ki Wapasi
- 1961
Lucky Number ; Savitri
- 1962
Hame Khelne Do ; Sautela Bhai
- 1964
Raju aur Gangaram
- 1965
Chhoti Chhoti Baten
Publications
On BISWAS: book—
Anil Biswas: Tribute—A Collection of Essays on the Occasion of His Fiftieth Year of Music Composition for Films, Bangalore, 1986.
* * *
The music Anil Biswas has composed for films is a reflection of his active and eventful life. Born at a time when a wave of patriotism was sweeping the country, young Biswas became an active underground worker and a revolutionary. This patriotic militancy and stirring optimism came to be manifested in the music that he composed for Hindi films.
Biswas began composing film music in 1931, but the first film in which he was credited with composing the entire score is the 1935 Dharam Ki Devi. The memorable scores that followed bore ample testimony not only to a wide variety of songs but to an element of orchestration that accompanied each composition. By then, he had formed an orchestra of 12 musicians, a number considered "extraordinary" by the industry. Orchestration had always fascinated him, particularly the adaptation of Indian ragas within a Western discipline. When Biswas began work with the Bombay film industry, music-recording was in its infancy. Once when Biswas, an accomplished singer, played the role of a blind performer, the camera, mike, and orchestra had to be moved down the road with him as he sang.
Biswas's immense popularity is due not only to the songs that he composed but also to his background scores. He paid careful attention to instrumental scores for creating mood and ambiance. He also pioneered the adaptation of folk and classical forms within modern film music. He felt that only the "temple" and the "field," symbolizing the Indian classical and folk traditions respectively, could salvage contemporary Indian music from colonial fetters. His fame also rests on his ability to create music with which ordinary Indians can identify.
—Shohini Ghosh
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