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Sampling bias in the molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis. (Research).
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Among the goals of the molecular epidemiology of infectious disease are to quantify the extent of ongoing transmission of infectious agents and to identify host- and strain-specific risk factors for disease spread. I demonstrate the potential bias in estimates of recent transmission and the impact of risk factors for clustering by using computer simulations to reconstruct populations of tuberculosis patients and sample from them. The bias consistently results in underestimating recent transmission and the impact of risk factors for recent transmission.
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CLUSTERED CASES OF MS HAVE STATE'S ATTENTION
...the federal Agency for Toxic Substances and Health Registries. The grant money is used to evaluate possible environmental risk factors for diseases contracted near hazardous waste sites. The study, led by Robert Knorr, of the state Public Health Department... |
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Molecular epidemiology and the dynamics of tuberculosis transmission among...
...disease and to identify risk factors for recent transmission...reactivated disease. Risk factors for clustering are...characteristic among the clustered cases with that among unique...that some of these ... |
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Research reports from Leiden University provide new insights into epidemiology.
...were analysed by mapping clustered cases; isolates were genotyped...was performed to identify risk factors for the acquisition of S...feeding were independent risk factors. Outbreak strains were not...thoracic ICU: Analysis ... |
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Tuberculosis transmission attributable to close contacts and HIV status, Malawi.
...epidemiologic links were found for 11% of 754 fingerprint-clustered cases. We estimate that 9%-13% of TB cases were attributable...2001) (12). Here, in a larger dataset, we explored risk factors associated with a named PSC being the confirmed source of... |
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Outbreak of Histoplasmosis Among Industrial Plant Workers - Nebraska, 2004
...plant workers. To better identify risk factors for disease, a nested case-control...histoplasmosis were further categorized as clustered cases (n = 1 8) (symptom onset during...unmatched controls. Workers categorized as clustered ... |
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Outbreak of histoplasmosis among industrial plant workers--Nebraska, 2004.
...plant workers. To better identify risk factors for disease, a nested case-control...histoplasmosis were further categorized as clustered cases (n = 18) (symptom onset during January...unmatched controls. Workers categorized as clustered ... |
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Use of cluster-graphs from spoligotyping data to study genotype similarities...
...to a same source of contamination [7] and designated as clustered cases [8, 9]. The existence of genetic clusters is thought...defined geographical area, and underline some potential risk factors associated to the disease [12]. For example, when an... |
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Data on tuberculosis published by S.V. Kik and colleagues.
...large (5 or more cases) cluster episodes. Of 5,454 clustered cases, 1,756 (32%) were part of a cluster episode of 2 years...patients in new cluster episodes should be screened for these risk factors," wrote S.V. Kik and colleagues (see also Tuberculosis... |
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Decreased tuberculosis incidence and declining clustered case rates,...
...least 1 other case and could be grouped into clusters. Risk factors associated with clustering were age <35 years (odds ratio...case rate was associated with a decrease in the rate of clustered cases from 7.0/100,000 to 4.4/100,000 (p<0.001... |
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Cross-jurisdictional transmission of mycobacterium tuberculosis in Maryland and...
...Medical record reviews and interviews were conducted for all clustered cases to identify connections. We used chi-square and Fisher...sputum, and 52% had pulmonary, cavitary disease. Other TB risk factors included alcohol abuse (52%), HIV infection (39... |
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