Perpetual pavements build durability layer by layer: Fundamental principles involve limiting tensile and compressive forces by engineering each pavement layer to function in a specific manner. (Paving Report).

Construction Equipment | February 1, 2002| | Copyright

A 200-pound man inches his way across an 8-foot-long 1 x 4 board, with its ends resting on concrete blocks. As he reaches the mid-point, the board bends, creating "tensile strain," a force that tries to stretch the board's bottom surface. After repeated crossings, fatigue cracks develop along the bottom surface, spread upward, and finally the board collapses. Replace the 1 x 4 with a 4 x 4, though, and the man probably can cross the thicker timber indefinitely and cause no harm

Now the man lays a thin piece of cardboard on the ground, stomps on it with heavy boots, ...

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