The Charleston renaissance.(Charleston, South Carolina)

Once called the "Queen of the South," Charleston, South Carolina, languished during the last third of the nineteenth century, devastated by the Civil War and Reconstruction. The South Carolina Interstate and West Indian Exposition of 1901-1902 was one of the attempts to redirect the city's destiny by combining self-promotion and the beautification of Charleston. Although Chamber of Commerce publications celebrated population growth, modern conveniences, and good transportation by land and sea, the exposition did not entice new industry and ultimately ended in debt. Nevertheless,…