Love, personified in Piers Plowman, presents the reader with a contradiction. On the one hand, love never appears as a beggar (B.15: 227), never pretends, for example, to be disabled, when he might actually go to work (B.7: 90-93).(1) On the other, such beggars are no doubt scarcely literate--preliterate perhaps. They are lewed, "ignorant." It is exactly the lewed, however, who are justified before God, not by anything like their best attempts to support themselves, but by their faith: "sola fides sufficit to save with lewed peple." Moreover, in the view of Langland's ...

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