Effects of need architecture on warbler habitat selection in a coastal spruce forest.

From: Ecology | Date: September 1, 1995| Author: | Copyright information

Habitat associations of mobile foragers are well documented, but causes behind such patterns are seldom as well defined. Black-throated Green Warblers (Dendroica virens) attain greater densities in red (Picea rubens) than in white spruce (P. glauca) forests in coastal Maine and use red spruce foliage significantly more than predicted on the basis of availability. These habitat associations may be explained best by small-scale differences in vegetation structure, which can influence foraging efficiency. Red spruce have shorter needles held at more acute angles to woody stems than do white ...

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