Shmuel HaKatan and the political background to Avot 4:19.

From: Judaism: A Quarterly Journal of Jewish Life andThought | Date: March 22, 1995| Author: Cohen, Jeffrey M. | Copyright information

Political reasons led to the biblical verse in Pirkei Avot 4:19 being ascribed to the Talmudic sage Shmuel HaKatan. This anomaly, which was recorded after his death, came from his pacifist views as a disciple of Hillel. Known for his humility, Shmuel HaKatan most probably received a warning from Rome after he was forced by Gamaliel II of Yavneh to utter a blessing against Rome. Thereafter, he preached pacificism by quoting the verse from Proverbs 24:17-18.

The talmudic sages were all ...

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