Estimation of relative bioavailability of lead in soil and soil-like materials using young swine.(Research)

In this article we summarize the results of a series of studies that measured the relative bioavailability (RBA) of lead in a variety of soil and soil-like test materials. Reference material (Pb acetate) or Pb-contaminated soils were administered orally to juvenile swine twice a day for 15 days. Blood samples were collected from each animal at multiple times during the course of the study, and samples of liver, kidney, and bone were collected at sacrifice. All samples were analyzed ...

<50 ppm) collected in Leadville, 
                                      Colorado 
19        California Gulch          A composite of tailings samples 
          Oregon Gulch Tailings       collected from the Oregon Gulch 
                                      tailings impoundment 
 
Test 
material  Sample designation        Pb concentration (ppm) (a) 
 
 1        Bingham Creek              1,590 
          Residential 
 2        Bingham Creek              6,330 
          Channel Soil 
 3        Jasper County             10,800 
          High Lead Smelter 
 4        Jasper County              4,050 
          Low Lead Yard 
 5        Murray Smelter            11,700 
          Slag 
 6        Jasper County              6,940 
          High Lead Mill 
 7        Aspen Berm                14,200 
 8        Aspen Residential          3,870 
 9        Midvale Slag               8,170 
10        Butte Soil                 8,530 
11        California Gulch Phase I   7,510 
          Residential Soil 
12        California Gulch           4,320 
          Fe/Mn PbO 
13        California Gulch AV       10,600 
          Slag 
14        Palmerton Location 2       3,230 
15        Palmerton Location 4       2,150 
16        Murray Smelter             3,200 
          Soil 
17        NIST Paint                 8,350 
18        Galena-Enriched Soil      11,200 
19        California Gulch           1,270 
          Oregon Gulch Tailings 
 
Abbreviations: Fe, iron; Mn, manganese; NA, not applicable; NIST, 
National Institute of Standards and Technology; NPL, National Priorities 
List; PbO, Pb oxide; SRM, Standard Reference Material. 
(a) Samples were analyzed for Pb by inductively coupled plasma-atomic 
emission spectrometry in accordance with U.S. EPA Method 200.7 (U.S. 
EPA. 1994b); all samples were dried and sieved to 250 [micro]m before 
analysis, except for the two Aspen samples (study 5), which were sieved 
to 150 [micro]m. (b) SRM 2589, composed of paint collected from the 
interior surfaces of houses in the United States, contains a nominal Pb 
concentration of 10% (100,000 ppm); the material is powdered, with><5  5-9   10-19  20-49  50-99  100-149  150-199  200-249>