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Discrimination learning in paramecia (P. caudatum).
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Previous attempts to condition a 1-celled organism, paramecium, by either classical or instrumental procedures, have yielded equivocal results. The present experiments were designed to determine whether the use of positive reinforcement provided by DC electrical stimulation at the cathode, which had previously been shown to be attractive to paramecia, could be used to train these organisms in a discrimination learning task. The results indicate that such learning did take place.
Prior investigations into the possibility of either instrumental or classical conditioning in paramecia have ...
<.001. The decline in the time spent in the cathode half over the seven training sessions, possibly resulting from habituation, was not significant, nor was the interaction of groups x trials, p><.001, Fisher's PLSD revealed a significant preference by Gp E for the former cathode side over that shown by either Gp C-NS or Gp C-PS, p = .0002 and p = .0013, respectively. As expected, there was no significant difference between Gps C-NS and C-PS, p><.001, Gp E showing a greater preference for the cathode area than did Gp C. There was no significant effect of trials, and the groups x trials interaction was also not significant, p><.001. By contrast, there was no significant change for Gp C, p>
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