Composition and timing of postbreeding multispecies feeding flocks of boreal forest passerines in western Canada.

The Wilson Journal of Ornithology | June 1, 2006| | Copyright

The aggregation of individual insectivorous songbirds into multispecies feeding flocks is a phenomenon that has been noted for some time (e.g., Newton 1896, Sharpe 1905) and has received considerable attention recently (Hutto 1994, Latta and Wunderle 1996, Monkkonen et al. 1996). Such flocking behavior is interesting from several perspectives, and a number of hypotheses have been put forth to explain the evolution of such inter-specific associations, primarily focusing on the avoidance of predation (Pulliam 1973, Elgar 1989) and the facilitation of food finding (Morse 1970, 1977). ...

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