Most of the general population is exposed to carbaryl and other contemporary-use insecticides at low levels. Studies of laboratory animals, in addition to limited human data, show an association between carbaryl exposure and decreased semen quality. In the present study we explored whether environmental exposures to 1-naphthol (1N), a metabolite of carbaryl and naphthalene, and 3,5,6trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPY), a metabolite of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl, are associated with decreased semen quality in humans. Subjects (n = 272) were recruited through a Massachusetts ...

<20 million sperm/mL) and teratospermic (><30 mg/dL, or with SG><1.01 or>

<1.01. (d) Excluded 23 samples with creatinine><4% normal; n = 59) 
 
                No. (c)    OR (95% CI)      No. (c)    OR (95% CI) 
1N (d) 
  Low             27           1.0            20          1.0 
  Medium          45      2.5 (1.3-4.7) *     17      1.4 (0.6-3.0) 
  High            47      2.4 (1.2-4.5) *     22      1.6 (0.8-3.5) 
  p-Value for                  0.01                       0.20 
    trend 
TCPY (e) 
  Low             33           1.0            17          1.0 
  Medium          40      1.6 (0.8-3.0)       16      1.2 (0.5-2.7) 
  High            46      1.7 (0.9-3.2)       26      1.9 (0.9-4.0) 
  p-Value for                  0.09                       0.10 
    trend 
 
(a) ORs adjusted for age and abstinence time. (b) Excluded 58 
subjects with SG><0, a 
decrease in semen parameter for an IQR change in insecticide metabolite 
concentration;><1.0, a multiplicative decrease in sperm concentration 
for an IQR change in insecticide metabolite concentration;>

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