Collective sanctions. From: Stanford Law Review | Date: November 1, 2003| Author: | COPYRIGHT 2003 Stanford Law School. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan.  All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information) Copyright information

INTRODUCTION 
I. COLLECTIVE SANCTIONS, PRIMITIVE AND MODERN 
   A. Groups as Individuals Versus Groups of Individuals in Primitive 
   Law and Norms 
   B. Functional Analogues in Modern Law 
      1. Vicarious and gatekeeper liability 
      2. Joint and several liability 
      3. Corporate liability 
      4. Insurance 
II. A FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF COLLECTIVE SANCTIONS 
    A. Groups and Solidarity 
    B. Collective Sanctions 
    C. Leveraging Solidarity 
       1. Identifying wrongdoers 
       2. Controlling wrongdoers 
    D. Building Solidarity 
       1. Excessive control 
       ...

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