BOOKS: GHOULS BY GASLIGHT; The Victorian Christmas was a darker festival than `A Christmas Carol' suggests. Judith Flanders looks beyond Dickens for her seasonal reading.(Features)

From: The Independent on Sunday (London, England) | Date: November 30, 2003| Author: Flanders, Judith | Copyright information

Byline: Judith Flanders

The Victorian period fixed in our minds the image of a traditional Christmas, creating the symbols that we now think have always been present: Christmas trees, cards, Father Christmas. It also entwined two threads that continue today in modified form: communal reading and Christmas stories. Today we rarely read aloud, but at Christmas we watch films in family groups. Whether it is a James Bond repeat, or the new Harry Potter or The Lord of the Rin...