Effect of air pollution on respiratory health in Indonesia and its economic cost. From: Archives of Environmental Health | Date: March 1, 2003| Author: Duki, M.I. Zulkarnain; Kawada, Tomoyuki; Sudarmadi, Sigit; Suzuki, Shosuke; Tri-Tugaswati, A. | COPYRIGHT 2003 Heldref Publications. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan.  All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group.Copyright information

A total of 16,663 pairs of junior high school students and their mothers in Indonesian cities were surveyed, using a self-administered questionnaire, to measure the effect of air pollution on respiratory health and the cost of associated illness. Multiple regression analysis showed that the prevalence rates of the symptoms of cough, phlegm, persistent cough, wheezing without a cold, and asthma, in the student and mother groups, were significantly correlated with the nitrogen dioxide (N[O.su...

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