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Continental roots go deep, but not as deep as some thought.
Science Letter
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May 12, 2003
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2003 MAY 12 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- The roots of the continents go down between 200 and 250 kilometers (125-160 miles), forming a distinct boundary with the underlying mantle like that seen under the oceans, according to a team of seismologists at the University of California, Berkeley.
Their interpretation of seismic data resolves a debate within the geophysical community about the depth of the boundary between the rigid lithosphere that floats on the Earth's surface and the hot convecting mantle that underlies it.
"It was very clear that you had a ...
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Saint mediation in the era of transnationalism: the da'ira of the Jakhanke marabouts.(prayer ritual of Muslim community affected by international migration)
Magazine article from: Africa
; ...protection of Jakhanke Jabi marabouts. ********** In 1926 the legendary marabout Al-Hajj Soriba Ibrahim...grouping the followers of a marabout or movement together...among the Jakhanke Jabi marabouts in Maka, strongly influenced...only the entourage of a marabout but also the weekly...
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Marabout women in Dakar: creating authority in Islamic knowledge.(Ndeye Meissa Ndiaye and Coumba Keita)(Report)
Magazine article from: Africa
; ...and their practitioners (marabouts) travel to Europe, the United...upon the life and work of two marabout women living in Dakar: Ndeye...amulettes) et leurs praticiens (marabouts) vont jusqu'en Europe...le travail de deux femmes marabouts qui vivent a Dakar : Ndeye...
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The Marabout and the Muse: new approaches to Islam in African literature.(Review)
Magazine article from: Africa
; KENNETH W. HARROW (ed.), The Marabout and the Muse: new approaches to Islam in African literature. Studies in African Literature, Oxford: James Currey; Portsmouth...
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RIGHTS-SENEGAL: CHILDREN DOING MORE BEGGING THAN STUDYING.
News Wire article from: Interpress Service
; ...Islamic scholar, or marabout, in Greater Dakar...Bafata, told IPS: "Our marabout is in Gudjewaye [a...get to Dakar." The marabouts refused to speak to...exploitation by their marabouts. IPS met with three...who he'd left with a marabout 3 years earlier. The...
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RIGHTS-SENEGAL: CHILDREN DOING MORE BEGGING THAN STUDYING
News Wire article from: Inter Press Service English News Wire
; ...Islamic scholar, or marabout, in Greater Dakar...Bafata, told IPS: "Our marabout is in Gudjewaye [a...get to Dakar." The marabouts refused to speak to...exploitation by their marabouts. IPS met with three...who he'd left with a marabout 3 years earlier. The...
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Child beggar's father fights abusive teacher
News Wire article from: AP Online
; ...at the school in June, his marabout handed him an empty tin can...it on biscuits. When the marabout found out, the boy says...children in his care, the marabout was netting $430 a month...take action against abusive marabouts. This is a sham on a grand...
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Islamic Society and State Power in Senegal: Disciples and Citizens in Fatick.
Magazine article from: American Political Science Review
; ...religious authorities (marabouts), citizen-disciples...Villalon argues that a marabout's initial popularity...been occasions when marabouts themselves have directly...identification of a major marabout with the political powers...the most powerful marabouts have sought to avoid...
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Child slaves of Senegal beg to fill their master's bowl ; CHRISTMAS APPEAL
Newspaper article from: The Independent - London
; ...He waits until the marabout is out of range before...and cockroaches. The marabout's horse is tied up...children are entrusted to marabouts for their education...reluctant agreement of the marabouts. We find four boys...Ossman, a well-groomed marabout, insists that the boys...
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A student's life: Forced to beg, beaten by teacher.(Front)
Newspaper article from: The Virginian Pilot
; ...press charges against the teacher, or marabout. "It was an accident and my son had no right to humiliate the marabout by doing what he did," he said...lying about why he was beaten. The marabout told investigators that he hit the...
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'This Is My Life'; Thousands of Senegalese Boys in Koranic Schools Forced to Beg
Newspaper article from: The Washington Post
; ...spiritual guides, or marabouts, to be taught about...childhood. Increasingly, marabouts are using the children...demanded Pape Seck, 25, a marabout at a Koranic school...least 300 francs for the marabout. That's about 50...the next generation of marabouts and their aides. Abou...
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