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shale
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shale
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
shale sedimentary rock formed by the consolidation of mud or clay, having the property of splitting into thin layers parallel to its bedding planes. Shale tends to be fissile, i.e., it tends to split along planar surfaces between the layers of stratified rock. Shales comprise an estimated 55% of all sedimentary rocks. The composition of shale varies widely. Shales with very high silica content may have been formed when large quantities of diatoms and volcanic ash were present in the original sediment. Large numbers of fossils in shales may give them a high calcium content; such shales may grade into limestones . Shales that contain a large percentage of alumina are used as a source of that mineral in the manufacture of cement . Shales containing abundant carbonaceous matter grade into bituminous coal . Oil shales are widely distributed in the W United States and may be a future source of petroleum.
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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press
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shale oil
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shale
shale Fine-grained, fissile, sedimentary rock composed of clay-sized and silt-sized particles of unspecified mineral composition. The noun may be qualified by an adjective (e.g. black shale, paper shale, and oil shale ).
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