quipus
quipus or khipus , groups of strings, knotted for tally, which were used by the Inca for keeping records and sending messages. The quipu was based on the decimal system. Small cords with knots in them were attached to a main cord or a top band; the color of the cord, its place, its size, and the knots in it were all of significance to the record or the message. The quipus had to be made up and deciphered by specially trained officials. The method of deciphering is not known today, although Andean shepherds still use a sort of quipu.
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Arginine maxed: taking arginine to the extreme for a bigger pump, greater strength, muscle growth and fat loss, too.(NUTRITION)
Magazine article from: Flex; 4/1/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...supplement secrets in your bodybuilding pursuits. This month, we dive into arginine and the many benefits this amino has to offer. Arguments for Arginine Bodybuilders use arginine for two main reasons. The first goes back decades--to boost growth...
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Arginine Supplementation Enhances Mitogen-Induced Splenocyte Proliferation but Does Not Affect In Vivo Indicators of Antigen-Specific Immunity in Mice1,2
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 5/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ABSTRACT Arginine is a conditionally essential amino acid...lymphocyte proliferation with dietary arginine supplementation; however, not all studies...Even less is known about the effect of arginine supplementation on in vivo immune responses...
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Arginine Transport in Catabolic Disease States1,2
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 10/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; ABSTRACT Arginine appears to be a semiessential amino acid in humans...sepsis, injury, and cancer cause an increase in arginine utilization, which exceeds body production, leading to arginine depletion. This is aggravated by the reduced...
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Dietary arginine slightly and variably affects tissue polyamine levels in male Swiss Albino mice
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 12/1/2002; ; 700+ words
; Nutrient Metabolism Dietary Arginine Slightly and Variably Affects Tissue Polyamine Levels in...ABSTRACT Many key metabolic and physiologic functions involve arginine and arginine-derived metabolites. Requirements for arginine, a "conditionally...
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Citrulline Is an Effective Arginine Precursor in Enterally Fed Neonatal Piglets1,2
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 7/1/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...ABSTRACT Although neonatal piglets can synthesize some arginine from proline, there is a limit to this synthesis, and piglets fed an arginine-deficient diet have diminished whole-body arginine status. To help elucidate where the limitation in...
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Arginine Nutrition in Neonatal Pigs1,2
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 10/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; ABSTRACT The concentration of arginine (an essential amino acid for neonates) in sow...remarkably low, and thus endogenous synthesis of arginine plays a crucial role in maintaining arginine homeostasis in milk-fed piglets. Paradoxically...
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Arginine's new growth potential
Magazine article from: Joe Weider's Muscle & Fitness; 8/1/1997; ; 700+ words
; ...Hormone researchers have long known that arginine can stimulate GH release. Some experimental...re more related to the effect of arginine itself. In any case, bodybuilders might benefit from moderate arginine supplementation. Let's explore the...
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Renal Arginine Metabolism1,2
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 10/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; ABSTRACT The kidney plays a major role in arginine metabolism in 3 principal ways: arginine synthesis, creatine synthesis, and arginine reabsorption. Appreciable quantities of arginine are synthesized in the...
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Arginine: clinical potential of a semi-essential amino acid. (Arginine).
Magazine article from: Alternative Medicine Review; 12/1/2002; ; 700+ words
; Abstract Arginine, a semi-essential amino acid, is...hormone secretion, and immune modulation. Arginine is also well known as a precursor to...the cardiovascular system. Because of arginine's NO-stimulating effects, it can...
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Arginine and Cancer1
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 10/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; ABSTRACT Arginine is a dibasic, cationic, semiessential...and nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis. Arginine is conditionally essential since it becomes...growth and after recovery after injury. Arginine also promotes wound healing and functions...
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Arginine
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Arginine Description Arginine is one of the amino acids produced in the human body by the digestion, or hydrolysis of proteins. Arginine can also be produced synthetically. Because it is produced in the...
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arginine
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
arginine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino...proteins in neutral solution. Although arginine can be synthesized from cellular metabolites...maintenance of normal rates of growth. Arginine is the direct metabolic precursor of urea...
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ornithine‐arginine cycle
Book article from: A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition
ornithine‐arginine cycle The metabolic pathway for the synthesis of urea .
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Sir Hans Adolf Krebs
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography
...the autolysis produces the amino acid arginine, which is acted on catalytically by...was 10 times the expected amount, and arginine also gave an excess yield of urea. He...added ammonia and carbon dioxide to form arginine. Under the action of arginase, the...
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Lysine
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
...the herpes virus, the amino acid arginine increases the growth of the virus...supplements increase the ratio of lysine to arginine in the body, curing the outbreak of the virus. Avoiding foods with arginine and eating foods with a higher lysine...
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