pyroxylin
pyroxylin , partially nitrated cellulose (see nitrocellulose ). It is used in lacquers, plastics, and artificial leathers. Pyroxylin lacquers are made by dissolving pyroxylin in a mixture of volatile solvents and adding a plasticizer and a pigment or dye. Pyroxylin plastics are made by colloiding pyroxylin with large amounts of a plasticizer such as camphor; such plastics (e.g., celluloid) are highly flammable. Collodion is a solution of pyroxylin in ether and ethanol.
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collodion
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
, solution of pyroxylin in a mixture of alcohol and ether. Upon exposure to air, the solvents evaporate, leaving a thin, colorless, elastic film on any...
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cellophane
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...is used in packaging and as a membrane for dialysis . It is sometimes dyed and can be moisture-proofed by a thin coating of pyroxylin . There are several steps in the preparation of cellophane from raw cellulose. The cellulose is first treated with an alkali...
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lacquer
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...metalware. The lacquer formula may be varied to impart durability, hardness, gloss, or imperviousness to water. Nitrocellulose (pyroxylin) lacquers are the most widely employed. Slower-drying natural lacquers contain oleoresins obtained from the juice of trees...
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paint
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...lacquers (widely used on automobiles and furniture) are valued for rapid drying to a hard finish. The vehicle is commonly pyroxylin in an organic solvent. Baked acrylic finishes have recently become popular for industrial products such as automobiles and...
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nitrocellulose
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...insoluble in such common solvents as water, chloroform, ether, and ethanol. If the nitration is not carried to completion (the point at which about two thirds of the hydroxyl groups are esterified), the soluble cellulose nitrate pyroxylin is formed.
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