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mesoderm

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition

mesoderm in biology, middle layer of tissue formed in the gastrula stage of the developing embryo. At the end of the blastula stage, cells of the embryo are arranged in the form of a hollow ball. Continued cell movement results in an invagination of the bottom region of the embryo, producing a form that resembles a double-layered cup. A third layer, the mesoderm, is formed between the other two by growth of cells derived from a marginal zone. The mesoderm is the germ layer that forms many muscles, the circulatory and excretory systems, and the dermis, skeleton, and other supportive and connective tissue. It also gives rise to the notochord , a supporting structure between the neural canal and the primitive gut. In many animals, including vertebrates, the mesoderm surrounds a cavity known as the coelom , the space that contains the viscera. See embryo .


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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press

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Related entries from encyclopedias, dictionaries, and thesauruses

mesoderm
mesoderm In a triploblastic embryo , the middle layer of cells, which form a hollow ring surrounding...giving rise to muscle, blood vessel, some nervous tissue, and the organs of the body within the mesoderm cavity. On development of the notochord , the mesoderm develops bilaterally paired blocks on either ... Read more
splanchic mesoderm
splanchic mesoderm See MESODERM . Read more
somatic mesoderm
somatic mesoderm See MESODERM . Read more
lateral plate mesoderm
lateral plate mesoderm See MESODERM . Read more
mesoderm
mesoderm n. The middle germ layer of a human or animal embryo , from which the muscles, blood, bone, and connective tissue are formed. Compare ectoderm , endoderm .[From Greek mesos middle + derma skin] Read more

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