carding

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | 2008 | Copyright

carding process by which fibers are opened, cleaned, and straightened in preparation for spinning. The fingers were first used, then a tool of wood or bone shaped like a hand, then two flat pieces of wood (cards) covered with skin set with thorns or teeth. Primitive cards, rubber-covered and toothed with bent wires, are still employed by Navajo women. Modern carding dates from the use of revolving cylinders patented in 1748 by Lewis Paul. A mechanical apron feed was devised in 1772, and Richard Arkwright added a funnel that contracted the carded fiber into a continuous sliver. See combing .

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Related entries from encyclopedias, dictionaries, and thesauruses

carding
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition carding process by which fibers are opened, cleaned, and straightened in preparation...and toothed with bent wires, are still employed by Navajo women. Modern carding dates from the use of revolving cylinders patented in 1748 by Lewis Paul...
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Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition James Hargreaves , 1720?-1778, English engineer. In 1762 he made an unsuccessful attempt to develop a machine for carding, a process preparatory to spinning , and in 1764 he invented the spinning jenny, which resulted in doubling production in the carding process.
combing
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition combing process that follows carding in the preparation of fibers for spinning, lays the fibers parallel...short fibers). The modern combing machine is a specialized carding machine. Combing produces a fine sliver suitable for drawing out...
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