carding
carding process by which fibers are opened, cleaned, and straightened in preparation for spinning. The fingers were first used, then a tool of wood or bone shaped like a hand, then two flat pieces of wood (cards) covered with skin set with thorns or teeth. Primitive cards, rubber-covered and toothed with bent wires, are still employed by Navajo women. Modern carding dates from the use of revolving cylinders patented in 1748 by Lewis Paul. A mechanical apron feed was devised in 1772, and Richard Arkwright added a funnel that contracted the carded fiber into a continuous sliver. See combing .
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Arkwright: cotton king or spin doctor? (Richard Arkwright, entrepreneur of the Industrial Revolution)
Magazine article from: History Today; 3/1/1998; ; 700+ words
; Was Richard Arkwright really the mechanical genius of...Britain's first cotton tycoon. Sir Richard Arkwright (1732-92) is usually credited...alone in taking up the challenge. Lewis Paul and John Wyatt conducted many experiments...
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Arts Minister places temporary export bar on a portrait of Richard Arkwright with his wife Mary and daughter Anne, by Joseph Wright of Derby.
M2 Presswire; 2/18/2003; 700+ words
; ...temporary export bar on a portrait of Richard Arkwright with his wife Mary and daughter Anne...bar on the export of a portrait of Richard Arkwright junior with his wife Mary and daughter...fair market price: A Portrait of Richard Arkwright junior with his wife Mary and daughter...
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Arkwright jnr was richest commoner in 1848 England Richard Arkwright the younger, known at one time as the richest commoner in England, left an estate of pounds1m when he died in 1848. Maxwell Craven examines his life and achievements prompted by the sale next week of a painting of the great man which, for nearly two centuries, hung in the Wirksworth Bank he founded in the 19th century.
Newspaper article from: Derby Evening Telegraph; 7/19/2007; 700+ words
; Richard Arkwright the younger, known at one time...commercial acumen of his only son, Richard Arkwright, that ensured the survival and...Topliss and Co. From 1829, it was Richard Arkwright and Co, the Wirksworth Bank...
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Lewis, Paul F.
Newspaper article from: The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel; 10/4/2003; 367 words
; Lewis, Paul F. Saturday, October 04, 2003 Lewis, Paul F. Born to Eternal Life Oct. 3, 2003, age 88. Beloved husband of Jacqueline (nee Woloschek). Cherished father of Rev. Dennis Lewis, Timothy (Sandra), Brian (Diana), Mary...
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 "Portland Press Herald (Maine)")
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LEWIS, PAUL EDWARD
Newspaper article from: Portland Press Herald (Maine); 6/10/2008; ; 154 words
; ...Portland Press Herald (Maine) 06-10-2008 LEWIS, PAUL EDWARD Byline: Anonymous Edition: Final...Services and Visiting Hours Type: News LEWIS, PAUL EDWARD - 72, of Portland, June 8, 2008...
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 "Evening Chronicle (Newcastle, England)")
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The birth of a Lewis Paul Melody.(News)
Newspaper article from: Evening Chronicle (Newcastle, England); 3/29/2005; 459 words
; Proud parents Steven Melody and Amanda Pringle are celebrating the birth of their second child. Lewis Paul Melody was born on March 1 at Gateshead's Queen Elizabeth Hospital, weighing 8lb 7oz. Mum Amanda, 26, who works for The House...
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LEWIS, PAUL
Newspaper article from: Belfast Telegraph; 8/11/2007; 199 words
; Died August 12, 1998. Memory lane is a lovely place, where thoughts are warm and true, I travel down it all the time, just to be with you. Love, Mum and brother Jim.
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OBIT - LEWIS, PAUL ODELL
Newspaper article from: Roanoke Times & World News; 5/30/2006; 216 words
; Paul Odell Lewis, 56, passed away Sunday, May 28, 2006 at his home in Marion, Virginia. Funeral service 8 p.m. Tuesday at the Bradley's Funeral Home Chapel.
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DR. LEWIS PAUL, 90 ON BETH ISRAEL STAFF SINCE 1929
Newspaper article from: The Boston Globe; 11/30/1987; 350 words
; Funeral services will be held at 1 p.m Monday, Nov. 30, in the Levine Chapel, Brookline for Dr. Lewis R. Paul, 90, a retired physician who died Saturday in his home. Dr. Paul was born in Russia. He graduated from the Boston University School of Medicine in 1926. He interned at Buffalo General
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Failed Response to TB Is Morally Reprehensible, Say Stephen Lewis, Paul Farmer, Global Health Leaders; Drug-Resistant TB -- a 'Man-Made' Phenomenon -- Highlights Need for Urgent Action.
News Wire article from: AScribe Medicine News Service; 10/29/2007; 652 words
; Byline: Open Society Institute NEW YORK, Oct. 29 (AScribe Newswire) -- The Open Society Institute today released the following advisory. - - - - CONTACT: Paul Silva, OSI, psilva@sorosny.org, +1-(000)-000-0000 or +1-(000)-000-0000 WHAT: International Audio Press Conference: Wed., Oct 31, 10:00 a.m.
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carding
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
carding process by which fibers are opened, cleaned, and straightened in preparation...and toothed with bent wires, are still employed by Navajo women. Modern carding dates from the use of revolving cylinders patented in 1748 by Lewis Paul...
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combing
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
combing process that follows carding in the preparation of fibers for spinning, lays the fibers parallel...short fibers). The modern combing machine is a specialized carding machine. Combing produces a fine sliver suitable for drawing out...
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Blaise, St
Book article from: The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable
...was said to have been martyred by being torn with combs for carding wool before he was beheaded. He is said at the intervention...brought him food and candles. His emblems are a comb (for carding wool) and a candle, he is the patron saint of wool-combers...
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James Hargreaves
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
James Hargreaves , 1720?-1778, English engineer. In 1762 he made an unsuccessful attempt to develop a machine for carding, a process preparatory to spinning , and in 1764 he invented the spinning jenny, which resulted in doubling production in the carding process.
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Factory System
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to United States History
...Derbyshire, England, mill of Jedidiah Strutt, emigrated to the United States in 1789 with an extensive knowledge of English carding and spinning machinery. In Pawtucket, with the financial backing of two Providence merchants, William Almy and Smith Brown...
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