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Muawiya

Muawiya , d. 680, 1st Umayyad caliph (661-80), one of the greatest Muslim statesmen; son of Abu Sufyan, a Koreish tribesman of Mecca. He submitted to Islam the year of the surrender of Mecca and became Muhammad's secretary. Under Umar he became the very able governor of Syria. He struggled with Ali over the government of the empire and led in the deposition of Hasan . As caliph he made Islam an autocracy, retaining the old forms of self-government. He secured his domain against aggression by continual raids beyond its borders. His policies ended the ancient hostility that long had separated the North and South Arabian tribes, thus making the Muslim empire the remarkably unified force that it was. Muawiya's administration was always tolerant, and he displayed an enlightened point of view in all his dealings. His name is also spelled Moawiyah.

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	Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan (died 680) was the founder of the Umayyad dynasty of...Abu Sufyan, one of the leaders of the Meccan opposition to Mohammed, Muawiya did not adopt Islam until the conquest of Mecca in 630. Muawiya at... Read more
	Moawiyah Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition see Muawiya . Read more
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	Abd al-Rahman I Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography ...the Umayyad dynasty in the Iberian Peninsula. Born near Damascus, Syria, Abd al-Rahman I was the son of the Umayyad prince Muawiya ibn Hisham and a Berber concubine named Rah. In 750 he was one of the few members of his family to escape slaughter by the... Read more
	Umayyad Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...presented the dynamic Ummayad figure of Muawiya the opportunity to challenge the otherwise...rulership of Ali . With the death of Ali, Muawiya succeeded in establishing himself as the...succession of his son Yazid. With the death of Muawiya in 680, Yazid faced the opposition of... Read more

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