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Fianna Fáil

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | 2008 | The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Fianna Fáil , Irish political party, organized in 1926 by opponents of the Anglo-Irish treaty of 1921 establishing the Irish Free State and setting up Northern Ireland as part of the United Kingdom. Led by Eamon De Valera , the party gained control of the government in 1932 and pursued a policy of complete political separation from Great Britain. Except for the years 1948-51 and 1954-57, it held power continuously until 1973, when it lost to an alliance of the Fine Gael and Labour parties. Fianna Fáil held power again under Jack Lynch (1977-79) and Charles Haughey (1979-81), but lost once more to the Fine Gael. After a brief return to power under Haughey in 1982, it remained in opposition until 1987, when it once again formed a government under Haughey (after 1989 in coalition with the Progressive Democrats). When scandal forced his resignation in 1992, Albert Reynolds succeeded him, heading a Fianna Fáil-Labour coalition. Reynolds resigned in 1994, and a Fine Gael-Labour coalition came to power. The party returned to power in 1997 under Bertie Ahern , in coalition with the Progressive Democrats and, from 2007, with the Greens. When Ahern resigned in 2008, Brian Cowen was chosen to succeed him as party leader and prime minister.

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