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Cristóbal Balenciaga

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | 2008 | The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Cristóbal Balenciaga , 1895-1972, Spanish-born French fashion designer. He established houses of couture in Spain (1919-31) and Paris (1937-68) and quickly became couturier to Europe's royalty and aristocracy. He was noted for his huge evening coats with dolman sleeves; long, full skirts; tunic and chemise dresses; fitted dressmaker suits; pillbox hats; perfumes; scarves; the seven-eighths coat; and for the development of the fabric gazar, a heavily sized loosely woven silk.

Bibliography: See biography by L. E. Miller (1993, repr. 2007); memoir by M.-A. Jouve (1989, repr. 2004); P. Golbin and F. Baron, Balenciaga Paris (2006), and M. Walker, Balenciaga and His Legacy (2006).

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