José de Antequera y Castro
José de Antequera y Castro , 1690-1731, Peruvian lawyer, leader of a revolt in Paraguay. A prosecutor of the audiencia of Charcas, he was sent to Asunción to probe charges against the governor of Paraguay, Diego de los Reyes. Antequera sided with the opposition, became governor himself, and upheld the celebrated doctrine that "the authority of the people is superior to that of the king." He led the uprising of the comuneros in a war against the authority of the viceroy and was finally captured and beheaded in 1731. This first struggle for freedom was the forerunner of the Spanish American revolts against Spain.
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Newspaper article from: The Washington Post; 10/14/2000; 700+ words
; ...divided into four categories: flotsam--cargo that floated; jetsam--jettisoned cargo abandoned...attempts to save the ship; ligan--cargo that sank and was...livelihood. The recovery of flotsam, jetsam, ligan (also spelled lagan) and...
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jetsam flotsam, and ligan
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
jetsam flotsam, and ligan [O.Fr.], in maritime...shipwreck or accident are called flotsam (or floatsam or flotsan), while jetsam refers to goods thrown overboard...by a vessel in distress. Ligan (or lagan) designates...
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ligan
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
ligan : see flotsam, jetsam, and ligan .
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Ligan
Encyclopedia entry from: West's Encyclopedia of American Law
LIGAN Goods cast into the sea tied to a buoy, so that they may be found again by the owners. When goods are cast into the sea in storms or shipwrecks and remain there, without coming to land, they are distinguished by the names of jetsam, flotsam, and ligan.
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jettison
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...lighten the vessel or to meet some danger, such as fire. Such cargo, when found later, is known as jetsam (see flotsam, jetsam, and ligan ). The master of the ship has the absolute right to jettison cargo when he reasonably believes it to...
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Flotsam
Encyclopedia entry from: West's Encyclopedia of American Law
FLOTSAM A name for the goods that float upon the sea when cast overboard for the safety of the ship or when a ship is sunk. Distinguished from jetsam (goods deliberately thrown over to lighten ship) and ligan (goods cast into the sea attached to a buoy).
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