Ayybid dynasty
(1173–1250) Kurdish dynasty founded by Saladin that ruled over Egypt, most of Syria, upper Iraq, and Yemen. After overthrowing the Fimid dynasty, Saladin defended Palestine during the Crusades and made Egypt the most powerful Muslim state in the world. After Saladin's death the Ayybid regime became decentralized. In 1250 a group of mamlks (military slaves) exploited a lapse in Ayybid succession to take over the government in Egypt and to found the Mamlk dynasty. Minor Ayybid princes continued to rule in parts of the Syria for some years afterward.For more information on Ayybid dynasty, visit Britannica.com.
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Mamlk dynasty
Book article from: Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
or Mamluke dynasty (1250–1517) Rulers...seized the throne of the Ayybid dynasty on the death of the sultan...150;49). The resulting dynasty legitimized its rule by...caliphate of the 'Abbsid dynasty (destroyed by the Mongols...
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Fimid dynasty
Book article from: Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
...Sicily, and in 909 their imam emerged to proclaim the new dynasty. The first four Fimid caliphs ruled from Tunisia, but...building of a new capital, Cairo. At its height, the dynasty controlled Mecca and Medina, Syria, Palestine, and Africa...disputes over succession to the title of caliph led to the ...
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Baybars I
Book article from: Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
...eminent sultan of the Mamlk dynasty . A Kipchak Turk, he was...of the sultan of Egypt's Ayybid dynasty , who gave him military training...officers murdered the last Ayybid sultan, establishing the Mamlk dynasty. He distinguished himself...
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Saladin
Book article from: Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
...and Palestine and founder of the Ayybid dynasty . Though as a youth he preferred...military commander of the Zangid dynasty. On his uncle's death, Saladin became vizier of the Fimid dynasty of Egypt. In 1171 he abolished...
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