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Documents for "International Affairs: Diplomacy":

• ambassador see diplomatic service.

• apostolic delegate see legate.

• arbitration, international judicial process by which international disputes, usually between states, are settled peacefully, generally through the use of a tribunal acting as a court of law. Such a tribunal may consist of an...

• chargé d'affaires see diplomatic service.

• consular service organized body of public officers maintained by a government in the important ports and trade centers of foreign countries to protect the persons and interests of its nationals and to aid them in...

• diplomatic service organized body of agents maintained by governments to communicate with one another.

• disarmament, nuclear the reduction and limitation of the various nuclear weapons in the military forces of the world's nations. The atomic bombs dropped (1945) on Japan by the United States in World War II demonstrated...

• embassy see diplomatic service ; extraterritoriality.

• envoy see diplomatic service.

• foreign aid economic, military, technical, and financial assistance given on an international, and usually intergovernmental level. U.S. foreign aid programs have included at least three different objectives:...

• foreign service see diplomatic service ; consular service.

• Geneva Protocol see protocol.

• hegemony [Gr.,=leadership], dominance, originally of one Greek city-state over others, the term has been extended to refer to the dominance of one nation over others, and, following Gramsci , of one class over others. Conflict over hegemony fills history from the war between Athens and Sparta to the Napoleonic wars, World Wars I and II, and the Cold War. Gramsci's use of the concept...

• legate [Lat. legare =to send], one sent as a representative of a state or of some high authority. In Roman history a legate was sent by the senate to the provinces as an envoy of the emperor. Sometime during the 12th...

• legation see diplomatic service ; extraterritoriality.

• minister in diplomacy: see diplomatic service ; extraterritoriality.

• most-favored-nation clause (MFN), provision in a commercial treaty binding the signatories to extend trading benefits equal to those accorded any third state. The clause ensures equal commercial opportunities, especially...

• nuclear test-ban treaty see disarmament, nuclear.

• Open Door maintenance in a certain territory of equal commercial and industrial rights for the nationals of all countries. As a specific policy, it was first advanced by the United States, but it was rooted...

• protocol term referring to rules governing diplomatic conduct or to a variety of written instruments. Examples of the latter are authenticated minutes of international conferences; preliminary agreements,...

• recognition acknowledgment of the admission of new states into the international community by political action of states that are already members. Its derivation is found in the policy of the older European...

• Strategic Arms Limitation Talks see disarmament, nuclear.

• test-ban treaty, nuclear see disarmament, nuclear.