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Documents for "Labor: Biographies":

• Abel, I. W. (Iorwith Wilbur Abel) , 1908-87, American labor leader, b. Magnolia, Ohio. In 1925 he went to work in a rolling mill in Canton, Ohio, and was appointed (1937) staff representative of the organization that became the...

• Anderson, Mary 1872-1964, American labor expert, chief (1919-44) of the Women's Bureau, U.S. Dept. of Labor, b. Sweden. She emigrated to the United States in 1888. After some years as an industrial worker in...

• Applegarth, Robert 1834-1924, English trade union leader, a carpenter by trade. A charter member of the Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners, he became in 1862 its general secretary. Under his leadership the...

• Arch, Joseph 1826-1919, English labor leader, a Primitive Methodist preacher. He founded the National Agricultural Labourers Union in 1872 and became its president. In 1873, Arch visited Canada and the United...

• Benbow, William fl. 1825-40, English pamphleteer and publisher. He is known especially as the author (c.1832) of the Grand National Holiday; or, Congress of the Productive Classes, which introduced the theory of the general strike and was influential in promoting class consciousness and unity among workers. Little is known of his life except that he had a publishing house in...

• Bondfield, Margaret Grace 1873-1953, British political and trade union leader. A Labour member of Parliament (1923-24, 1926-31), she served as secretary to the minister of labor (1924) and, under Ramsay MacDonald, as...

• Bridges, Harry (Alfred Renton Bridges), 1901-90, American labor leader, b. Melbourne, Australia. Arriving (1920) as an immigrant seaman in San Francisco, he became a longshoreman and militant labor organizer...

• Cameron, Andrew Carr 1834-90, American labor leader, b. Berwick-on-Tweed, England. He worked as a printer in Chicago, where he became interested in the labor movement. In the Workingmen's Advocate, which he edited from 1864 to 1877, he strongly advocated independent political action by labor. Cameron helped found the National Labor Union in 1866 and was its delegate to the convention of the...

• Chavez, Cesar Estrada 1927-93, American agrarian labor leader, b. near Yuma, Ariz. A migrant worker, he became involved (1952) in the self-help Community Service Organization (CSO) in California, working among Mexicans...

• Citrine, Walter McLennan Citrine, 1st Baron 1887-1983, English trade union leader. An electrician, he became district secretary of the electrical trade union in 1914 and rose to be general secretary of the Trades Union Congress in 1926,...

• Donahue, Thomas R. (Thomas Reilly Donahue) , 1928-, American labor leader, b. New York City. A long-time member of the Service Employees International Union, he rose from a position as a local organizer to serve as its first vice president...

• Dubinsky, David 1892-1982, American labor leader, president (1932-66) of the International Ladies Garment Workers Union (ILGWU), b. Brest-Litovsk, Poland. He was a baker in his father's shop in Lodz (then in Russian Poland), and after becoming active in the bakers' union, he was banished (1908) to a Siberian prison...

• Fraser, Douglas Andrew 1916-, American labor leader, b. Glasgow, Scotland. His family emigrated to the United States when he was a child and settled in Detroit, where he began his working life in an auto plant at 18...

• Gompers, Samuel 1850-1924, American labor leader, b. London. He emigrated to the United States with his parents in 1863. He worked as a cigar maker and in 1864 joined the local union, serving as its president...

• Green, William 1872-1952, American labor leader, president of the American Federation of Labor (1924-1952), b. Coshocton, Ohio. He rose through the ranks of the United Mine Workers of America, of which...

• Haywood, William Dudley 1869-1928, American labor leader, known as Big Bill Haywood, b. Salt Lake City, Utah. He began work as a miner at 15 years of age. In 1896 he joined the newly organized Western Federation of...

• Hill, Joe 1879-1915, Swedish-American union organizer; b. Sweden, as Joseph Hillstrom. He came to the United States in 1902 and, as a maritime worker, joined the Industrial Workers of the World in 1910. He wrote...

• Hillman, Sidney 1887-1946, American labor leader, b. Lithuania. He emigrated to the United States in 1907. Beginning as a garment worker, he became a union leader after his key participation in a successful...

• Hoffa, James Riddle 1913-75?, U.S. labor leader, b. Brazil, Indiana. As a young warehouseman he organized (1932) a union that was admitted two years later into the Teamsters Union. Hoffa rose swiftly in the Teamsters, in 1952 becoming international vice president and in 1957 succeeding Dave Beck as president. Evidence of corruption in the union revealed by a Senate...

• Jones, Mary Harris 1830-1930, American labor agitator, called Mother Jones, b. Ireland. Interested in the labor movement for many years, she became active in it after the death of her husband and four children (1867) from yellow fever. She won fame as an effective speaker...

• Jones, Mother see Jones, Mary Harris.

• Jouhaux, Léon 1879-1954, French Socialist labor leader. He headed the Confédération Générale du Travail from 1909 to 1947, when he resigned in protest against its alliance with Communist interests. In 1949 he...

• Kirkland, Lane (Joseph Lane Kirkland) , 1922-99, American labor leader, president (1979-95) of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO), b. Camden, S.C. He was an executive assistant (1960-69) to AFL-CIO president George Meany and (1969-79) its secretary-treasurer. Succeeding Meany as president of AFL-CIO in 1979, Kirkland made consolidation of the labor movement a major goal and oversaw the reentry of the United...

• Larkin, James 1876-1947, Irish labor leader. The Irish Transport and General Workers' Union, which he organized and of which he was secretary, had as its goal the combining of all Irish industrial workers,...

• Lewis, John Llewellyn 1880-1969, American labor leader, b. Lucas co., Iowa; son of a Welsh immigrant coal miner. He became a miner and after 1906 rose through the union ranks to become president (1920) of the United Mine Workers of America (UMW). Forceful and determined, Lewis fought vigorously to build up the union, won the loyalty of the miners, and thus consolidated his own power. He was one of the most important figures in the...

• Macarthur, Mary Reid 1880-1921, British labor organizer, b. Glasgow, Scotland. Working in her father's draper's shop, she became prominent in the shop assistants' union. As the representative of the women chain makers...

• Mann, Tom 1856-1941, British labor leader and socialist. He was an organizer of the 1889 London dock strike, which was an important step in the unionization of unskilled English laborers. Secretary (1894-97)...

• Meany, George 1894-1980, American labor leader, president of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO; 1955-79), b. New York City. A plumber, he was elected business...

• Mitchell, John 1870-1919, American labor leader, b. Braidwood, Ill. He became a miner at the age of 12 and in 1885 joined the Knights of Labor. When the United Mine Workers of America was formed (1890), he became...

• Mooney, Thomas J. 1883-1942, American labor agitator, b. Chicago. He was an active leader in several violent labor struggles in California before 1916 and was convicted as a participant in the bomb killings at the...

• Murray, Philip 1886-1952, American labor leader, b. Blantyre, Scotland. He emigrated to the United States in 1902 and worked in the Pennsylvania coal mines. After he was discharged for fighting with a foreman,...

• Petrillo, James Caesar 1892-1984, American labor leader, president of the American Federation of Musicians (1940-58), b. Chicago. In 1915 he became president of the American Musicians' Union. However, three years later...

• Powderly, Terence Vincent 1849-1924, American labor leader, b. Carbondale, Pa. Apprenticed in a machine shop, he joined (1871) the Machinists and Blacksmiths National Union, becoming its president in 1872. He joined the...

• Quill, Michael Joseph 1905-66, American labor leader, b. Co. Kerry, Ireland. Quill was active (1919-23) in the movement for Irish independence before emigrating (1926) to the United States. He worked as a laborer and in...

• Randolph, Asa Philip 1889-1979, U.S. labor leader, b. Crescent City, Fla., attended the College of the City of New York. As a writer and editor of the black magazine The Messenger, which he helped to found, Randolph became interested in the labor movement. In 1917 he organized a small union of elevator operators in New York City. After an unsuccessful campaign for the office...

• Reuther, Walter Philip 1907-70, American labor leader, b. Wheeling, W.Va. A tool- and diemaker, he became shop foreman in a Detroit automobile plant, meanwhile completing his high school work and attending college...

• Schneiderman, Rose 1884-1972, American labor leader, b. Poland. She emigrated to the United States in 1890. After working as a lining stitcher in a cap factory, she was instrumental in getting women admitted to the...

• Smillie, Robert 1857-1940, British labor official, b. Belfast, Ireland, of Scottish parents. He was president of the Scottish Miners' Federation from 1894 to 1918 and from 1921 until his death, and as president...

• Stern, Andrew L. 1950-, American labor leader, b. West Orange, N.J., grad., Univ. of Pennsylvania (B.A., 1971). A charismatic and frequently controversial reformer, he has become one of the most significant figures...

• Sweeney, John Joseph 1934-, U.S. labor leader, b. New York City. An official of the Service Employees International Union (SEIU) from 1960, he became president of the SEIU in 1980. As president, he emphasized organizing new workers and nearly doubled the union's membership. In 1995 he led dissatisfied labor leaders...

• Tillett, Benjamin 1860-1943, English labor organizer, b. Bristol, England. With Tom Mann and John Burns, he led the dock strike of 1889, the first big step toward industrial unionism in Great Britain. Tillett...

• Wilson, William Bauchop 1862-1934, American labor leader, U.S. Secretary of Labor (1913-21), b. Blantyre, Scotland. Coming as a child to the United States in 1870, he worked in Pennsylvania coal mines after 1871 and...

• Woodcock, Leonard Freel 1911-2000, American labor leader, b. Providence, R.I. In 1933 he went to work as a machine assembler at the Detroit Gear and Machine Co., where he joined a union that became a United Automobile...

• Wright, Carroll Davidson 1840-1909, American statistician, b. Dunbarton, N.H. His varied experience included a term (1872-73) in the Massachusetts senate. As U.S. commissioner of labor he organized the Bureau of Labor...