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Documents for "Agriculture: Biographies":

• Alvord, Henry Elijah 1844-1904, American agriculturist, educator, and specialist in dairy husbandry, b. Greenfield, Mass. He pioneered in developing the cooperative creamery system and served (1886-93) as professor and...

• Atwater, Wilbur Olin 1844-1907, American agricultural chemist, b. Johnsburg, N.Y. He was professor at several American universities and helped to set up and later became director of the first state agricultural...

• Babcock, Stephen Moulton 1843-1931, American agricultural chemist, b. Bridgewater, N.Y., grad. Tufts College (B.A., 1866), Univ. of Göttingen, Germany (Ph.D., 1879). He was, from 1887 to 1913, professor of agricultural...

• Bakewell, Robert 1725-95, English livestock breeder and agriculturist. He successfully bred livestock for meat rather than appearance, developing new breeds, which included the Leicester sheep and the Dishley, or...

• Bennett, Hugh Hammond 1881-1960, American soil scientist, b. near Wadesboro, N.C. Known as the father of soil conservation, he first proposed the theory of sheet erosion of soils in 1905. He directed national programs...

• Binns, John Alexander c.1761-1813, American agriculturist, b. Loudoun co., Va. He was one of the first to experiment with gypsum as a fertilizer and to convince others of its efficacy. Partly through example and partly...

• Borlaug, Norman Ernest 1914-, U.S. agronomist, b. Cresco, Iowa, grad. Univ. of Minn. (Ph.D., 1942). He worked as researcher with the E. I. du Pont Company until 1944, when he joined the Rockefeller Foundation in Mexico...

• Boyd Orr, John Boyd Orr, 1st Baron 1880-1971, British nutritionist and agricultural scientist, b. Scotland, grad. Univ. of Glasgow. He was professor of agriculture at the Univ. of Aberdeen (1942-45), government consultant on...

• Carver, George Washington 1864?-1943, American agricultural chemist, b. Diamond, Mo., grad. Iowa State College (now Iowa State Univ.; B.S., 1894; M.A. 1896). Born a slave, he later, as a free man, earned his college degree...

• Coke, Thomas William 1752-1842, English agricultural reformer. Created earl of Leicester of Holkham in 1837, he was known as Coke of Holkham. He improved breeds of cattle, sheep, and hogs on his country estate and...

• Colman, Norman Jay 1827-1911, American agriculturist and lawyer, b. near Richfield Springs, N.Y., grad. Univ. of Louisville law school, 1851. He promoted the passage of the Hatch Act (1887), which authorized the...

• Columella (Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella) , fl. 1st cent. AD, Latin writer on agriculture, b. Gades (now Cádiz), Spain. Of his work there remains the 12-volume De re rustica, treating general husbandry, the care of domestic animals, and farm management. The 10th book, modeled on Vergil, is in hexameters. A short essay on trees also survives. Columella's Latin is facile...

• Couper, James Hamilton 1794-1866, American planter of Georgia, grad. Yale, 1814. Influential in promoting agricultural research and experimentation, he was a pioneer in the cultivation of rice, long-staple cotton, and...

• Crèvecoeur, J. Hector St. John 1735-1813, American author and agriculturist, b. France as Michel Guillaume Jean de Crèvecoeur. It is believed that he served under Montcalm in Canada. After traveling in the Great Lakes region...

• Dorset, Marion 1872-1935, American biochemist, b. Columbia, Tenn.; grad. Univ. of Tenn. (B.S., 1893) and Columbian (now George Washington) Univ. (M.D. 1896). He began working as a researcher for the U.S. Dept...

• Duhamel du Monceau, Henri Louis 1700-1782, French agriculturist and tree expert. He did experimental work on plant physiology and ecology and wrote The Elements of Agriculture (1762, tr. 1764) and other standard works on agriculture...

• Ellsworth, Henry Leavitt 1791-1858, American agriculturist, b. Windsor, Conn., grad. Yale, 1810. His interests were varied. He was a lawyer, businessman, and farming enthusiast. In 1832 he made a trip west as one of the...

• Ernle, Rowland Edmund Prothero, 1st Baron 1851-1937, British agriculturist, editor, and writer. He edited the Quarterly Review (1894-99) and was president of the Board of Agriculture (1916-19). Among his books are Pioneers and Progress of...

• Fernow, Bernhard Eduard 1851-1923, American forester, b. Germany. In 1876 he emigrated to the United States and became a leader in the movement to protect forests against fire and exploitation. In 1886 he was appointed...

• Garey, Thomas Andrew 1830-1909, American pioneer in citrus culture, b. Cincinnati. He traveled from Iowa to California by ox team (1849-52). In 1865 he built a citrus nursery on land now a commercial street in Los...

• Hilgard, Eugene Woldemar 1833-1916, American agricultural chemist and geologist, Ph.D. Univ. of Heidelberg, 1853. Born in Germany, he was brought to the United States in 1836. An authority on soil chemistry and...

• Judd, Orange 1822-92, American agricultural editor and publisher, b. near Niagara Falls, N.Y., grad. Wesleyan Univ., 1847. At Wesleyan he built (1871) the Orange Judd Hall of Natural Science and secured through...

• Kelley, Oliver Hudson 1826-1913, American agriculturist, b. Boston. He was a founder of the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry, the central influence in the Granger movement of the 1870s. Kelley took up land on the Minnesota frontier in 1849 and farmed until, in 1864, he became connected with the U.S. Bureau of Agriculture, traveling in the West and South to report on...

• Knapp, Seaman Asahel 1833-1911, agriculturist and teacher, b. Schroon Lake, N.Y., grad. Union College, Schenectady, 1856. He went to Iowa in 1866 and began publication in 1872 at Cedar Rapids of the Western Stock Journal and Farmer. In 1879 he became professor of agriculture and manager of the Iowa State College (now Iowa State Univ.) farm, and from 1884 to 1886 he was president of the college. He resigned to conduct in...

• Lawes, Sir John Bennet 1814-1900, English agriculturist. He founded the famous experimental farm at Rothamsted, where, with the English chemist Sir J. H. Gilbert, he experimented with plants and animals. He developed the...

• Lease, Mary Elizabeth 1853-1933, American agrarian reformer and temperance advocate, b. Ridgeway, Pa. The daughter of an Irish political refugee, she first gained recognition for a series of lectures (1885-87) on...

• Lubin, David 1849-1919, American agriculturist, b. Poland. After prospering as a merchant in California, he devoted himself to helping farmers with their problems. Through his efforts the California Fruit...

• Lysenko, Trofim Denisovich 1898-1976, Russian agronomist. As president of the Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences he became the scientific and administrative leader of Soviet agriculture. In 1937 he was made a...

• MacKaye, Benton 1879-1975, American forester and regional planner, b. Stamford, Conn., grad. Harvard (B.A., 1900; M.A. School of Forestry, 1905); son of Steele MacKaye. He was a research forester of the U.S...

• Marbut, Curtis Fletcher 1863-1935, American geologist, b. Verona, Mo., grad. Univ. of Missouri (B.S., 1889) and Harvard (M.A., 1844). As professor of geology at the Univ. of Missouri, he became interested in soil...

• Osborne, Thomas Burr 1859-1929, American chemist, b. New Haven, Conn., grad. Yale, 1881. From 1886 he was with the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station. An authority on nutrition, especially proteins, he wrote Proteins...

• Plunkett, Sir Horace Curzon 1854-1932, Irish statesman and agricultural reformer. Educated in England, Plunkett spent 10 years (1879-89) in Wyoming as a cattle rancher. Returning to Ireland, he became an ardent exponent of...

• Polk, Leonidas Lafayette 1837-92, American agrarian leader, b. Anson co., N.C. After studying agriculture at Davidson College, he managed a plantation in North Carolina, served with the Confederate army in the Civil War,...

• Prothero, Rowland Edmund see Ernle, Rowland Edmund Prothero, 1st Baron.

• Ruffin, Edmund 1794-1865, American agriculturist, one of the Southern fire-eaters , b. Prince George co., Va. His interest in improving impoverished land led him to become a pioneer in soil chemistry. Against much opposition he advocated the benefits of marl and proved its value...

• Sinclair, Sir John 1754-1835, Scottish agricultural economist and statistician. He compiled A Statistical Account of Scotland (21 vol., 1791-99), giving information on farming and other industries, notes on natural history, and statistics on population. A member of Parliament (1780-1811), Sinclair also served as the first...

• True, Alfred Charles 1853-1929, American agricultural expert and educator, b. Middletown, Conn., grad. Wesleyan Univ. (B.A., 1873). Associated with the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture from 1889, he was director of its Office...

• Tull, Jethro 1674-1741, English agriculturist and inventor. He studied methods of agriculture in England, France, and Italy and influenced British agriculture through his writings, which include The Horse-Hoeing...

• Walter of Henley or Walter de Henley, fl. 13th cent., English writer on agriculture. His treatise Husbandry, written in Norman French in the mid-13th cent., was the great medieval authority in England, covering all aspects of rural economy from the sowing and manuring of land to the management of labor...

• Wiley, Harvey Washington 1844-1930, American chemist, b. Kent, Ind., grad. Hanover College (B.A., 1867), M.D. Indiana Medical College, 1871. After serving (1874-83) as state chemist of Indiana, he was chief chemist of the...

• Young, Arthur 1741-1820, English agriculturist. His writings hastened the progress of scientific farming. He traveled widely, always observing techniques of farming. In 1784, Young founded the periodical Annals of...